Details Title: Psychology of Women Description: Chapter 3 Total Flash Cards: 32 Created: 02/13/2009 19:10:41		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Women's & Gender Studies Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Gender Identity Definition one's self definition as female or male develop at 2-3 years usually consistent with anatomy Term Transgendered Individuals Definition gender identity inconsistent with anatomy Term Sexual Orientation Definition preference for same or other gendered sexual partner Term Gender Typing Definition acquiring different traits that are associated with gender Term Biological Theory Definition Sex-linked traits-traits that are typically recessive, carried on sex chromosomes ex:colorblindness Sex-limited traits-not on sex chromosomes, needs certain level of hormones ex:male pattern baldness Term Pre-natal Definition organizing effects-structural change directed by sex chromosomes activating effects-maturity of structure-see during different points during childhood Term Sex Hormones Definition Testosterone,estrogen,progesterone Term Estrogen Definition Female nervous systems more sensative to low levels of stimulation Term Changes in Hypothalamus Definition if testosterone is not present then cells that develop are sensitive to circulating estrogen Term Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Definition female fetus adrenal glands produce high levels of androgen at 13 weeks external genitalia looks male-treated at birth Term Elevated Prenatal Progesterone Definition males born with this-less masculine choices, less athletic coordination, less agressive Term Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome Definition Genetic male who is completly insensitive to androgen, no internal reproductive organs. When born have female appearing genitalia. Term 5-Alpha Reductase Deficiency Definition Genetic male born with female appearing genitalia but do have internal male At Puberty-grow Penis Term Components of Gender Identity-Hypothesis Definition Chromosomal Gender Gonadal gender (ovaries/testes) Hormonal Gender Internal accessory organs External genital appearance assigned gender Term Sociobiology Definition focus on genetic bases for diff between genders ex:promiscuity-men need larger number of sex partners to spread genes, women are picky most difficult theory to prove. Term Psychoanalytic theory Definition Freud-unconscious mind of childhood governs adult behavior Term Phallic stage Definition 3-7 gender develops attraction toward opposite gender parent ends identifying with same gender parnet Term Oedipus complex Definition boy wants mom, worries that dad will castrate him, identifies with dad Term Electra Complex Definition penis envy blames mom for inferior state identify with mom believes women start with inferiority complex-contempt for other women, tendency toward jealousy Term Neofreudians Definition a lot of room for social impact Horney-men have inferiority towards women because can give birth. Boys have to switch allegences form mom to dad Chodrew-gender identity harder for boys-negative process. Men more highly prized-societal enforced inferiority both parents should be involved in child's life to be strong gender identity in both sexes. Term Social Learning Theory Definition learn from models-learn diff social spheres-shammed if you dont fit. does not explain cross-gender modeling bouys care more about peers girls more about parents/teachers Term Cognitive development theory Definition sense of gender follows same cognitive process as everything else. Gender consistency-gender doesn't change (4-7) Term Gender Schema Theory Definition Sandra Brown-combines social learning and cognitive development develop gender schema-child matches self against schema-changes behavior Term Social Interaction Theory Definition encompasses biological, psychological and social influences reactions to behavior creates behavior patterns-kids know who to go for for what problems Term Feminist Theory Definition tend to be more sociological, gender hierarchy related to power, women have less power-problems are cultural based Term androgyny Definition high scores on both male and female traits women are more encouraged to be self-sufficient does not take into account cultural positivism toward masculine traits does not change society to have people with both traits. Term traditional gender attitude Definition the belief that males should engage in agency behaviors and females should engage in communion behaviors Term nontraditional or egalitarian gender attitude Definition belief that roles should not be gender-specific Term Individual diff in Gender-related attitudes Definition Gender, ethnicity,religion, social class, academic achievement, age, political ideology Term Perceived value of female/male attributes Definition college students associated more advantages with being male. Term Social Status Hypothesis Definition because male gender role is more highly valued then female, a man is seen as lowering his social status by engaging in female-stereotypic behaviors but the other way around, women are precieved as raising their status Term sexual orientation hypothesis Definition cross-gender behavior in boys but not in girls is considered a sign of same-sex orientation