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Psychology chap 4 vocab
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31
Psychology
11th Grade
10/01/2009

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Term
enviroment
Definition
every non genetic influence , from the prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us
Term
Behavior Genetics
Definition
the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior
Term
Chromosomes
Definition
threadlike strictures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes.
Term
DNA
Definition
a complex molecule containing the genetic info. that makes up the chromosomes
Term
Genes
Definition
The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; a segment of DNA molecules that contain the genes.
Term
Genome
Definition
the complete intructions for making an orgaism, consisting of all the genetic material in that orgasm's chromosomes
Term
Identical twins
Definition
twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that split in 2, creating 2 generically identical orgasms.
Term
Fraternal twins
Definition
twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. They are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters bit they share a fatal environment.
Term
temperament
Definition
a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity.
Term
Heritabiity
Definition
the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. the heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.
Term
natural selection
Definition
the principle that among the range of inherited trait variations, those that lead to increases reproduction and survival will most likely be passed o the succeeding generations
Term
Mutation
Definition
a random error in gene replication that leads to a change.
Term
gender
Definition
in phsychology the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define male and female
Term
Culture
Definition
the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, value and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
Term
norm
Definition
an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior
Term
personal space
Definition
the buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies
Term
Individualisn
Definition
giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather then group identifications.
Term
collectivism
Definition
giving priority to the goals of one''s group and defining one's identity accordingly.
Term
testosterone
Definition
the most important of the male sex hormones. (stimulates the growth of the male sex organ.
Term
Role
Definition
a set expectation about a social position, defining how those of the positing ought to behave
Term
Gender role
Definition
a set of expected behaviors for males and for females.
Term
gender identity
Definition
one's sense of being male or female.
Term
gender type
Definition
the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role.
Term
Social learning theory
Definition
the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
Term
Gender schema theory
Definition
the theory that children learn from their cultures a concept of what it means to be a male and female and that they adjust their behavior accordingly.
Term
X chromosome
Definition
the sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have 2 X chromosomes males have one An X and a Y
Term
y chromosomes
Definition
the sex chromosome founded in only males. when paired with and X chromosome from the mother it produces a male child
Term
Aggression
Definition
physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone.
Term
interaction
Definition
the effect of one factor depends on another factor
Term
Molecular genetics
Definition
the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes
Term
environmental psychology
Definition
the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection
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