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| Derived from the Latin word "scientia" meaning knowledge |
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| A comprehensive explanation of observable events and conditions |
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| A testable prediction of what will occur under a stated set of contions |
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| Results anyone can obtain by following the same procedure |
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| Compile the results of a large number of studies and treat them for all intents and purposes as one very large research study |
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| A theory that makes precise predictions because it is easy to think of evidence that would confirm or contradict the theory. |
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| Reliance on the fewest and simplest possible assumptions |
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| A definition that specifies the operations or procedures used to produce or measure something. It’s a way to give an intangible idea a numerical value. |
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| A group chosen because of its ease of availability and study |
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| Closely resembles the population in its percentage of males and females, ethnic or racial groups, age levels, or whatever other characteristics might have some relevance to the results. |
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| One in which every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected. |
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| One that contains groups of people from at least two distinct cultures. |
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| Record data without knowing what the researcher is studying. |
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| A pill or other sham treatment that makes it very difficult for the subjects (single-blind) or the subjects and experimenter (double-blind) to know who has received the treatment and who has not. |
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| Careful monitoring and examination of what people and animals do under more or less natural circumstances. |
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| A thorough observation and description of a single individual, appropriate only when done for an unusual condition or circumstance. |
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| The measure of the relationship between two variables which are both outside of the investigator’s control. |
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| An apparent relationship based on casual observations of unrelated or weakly related events. |
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| A study in which the investigator manipulates at least one variable (independent) while measuring at least one other variable (dependent). |
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| Are dreams less likely to be reported towards the beginning or the end of the night? |
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| Means “lack of sleep.” It is hard to define insomnia by using numbers of hours because people vary in the amount of sleep that they need |
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| Sudden attacks of extreme and irresistible sleepiness during the day is known as narcolepsy |
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| Sleep talking, sleep walking, nightmares, night terrors |
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| Needs too much sleep, always drowsy. Sleep is never refreshing. |
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| Activation-synthesis Theory |
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| Of dreams proposes that input from the brainstem (the pons) activates the brain during REM sleep. |
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| Assumes that dreams are a form of thinking, occurring under special conditions. |
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| A condition of increased suggestibility that occurs in the context of a special hypnotist-subject relationship |
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