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Psychological Methods
Chapter 1-3
46
Other
Undergraduate 2
02/03/2011

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Term
X-Bar
Definition
Mean
Term
Mean (Definition)
Definition
sum of the scores divided by the number of scores
Term
Median (Definition)
Definition
middle of the ordered scores, and is symbolized as X50
Term
Median Position
Definition
(N+1)/2 and is used to find the median.
Term
X1=4, X2=1, X3=7 (Find Median thru Median Position)
Definition
then N=3.

Median position is (3+1)/2 = 4/2 = 2.

Place the scores in order, 1 4 7.

X50 is the score in position/rank 2.

So X50 = 4.
Term
X1=4, X2=1, X3=7, X4=6 Find Median Position and Median
Definition
N=4.

Median position is (N+1)/2 = (4+1)/2 = 5/2 = 2.5.

Place the scores in order, 1 4 6 7.

X50 is the score in position/rank 2.5.

So X50 = (4+6)/2 = 10/2 = 5.
Term
Median Characteristics
Definition
Depends on only one or two middle values.

For quantitative data when distribution is skewed.

Minimizes |X-X50|.
Term
What Is (Are) Statistics?
Definition
A collection of numerical facts

A set of methods for dealing with numerical facts

An estimate of a parameter.
Term
Type Of Statistics
Definition
Descriptive statistics

Inferential statistics
Term
Scales Of Measure
Definition
Nominal Scales

Ordinal Scales

Interval Scales

Ratio Scales
Term
Values in a nominal scale are ______.
Definition
Named
Term
Qualitative Scale is _____.
Definition
Nominal Scale
Term
Categorical Scale is ____ Scale.
Definition
Nominal
Term
1st, 2nd, 3rd
Definition
Ordinal Scale
Term
when the different values of a scale can be placed in order this is a ______ scale.
Definition
Ordinal
Term
Manipulate-able Variable
Definition
Independent Variable
Term
Depends on the IV
Definition
Dependent Variable (DV)
Term
Variable that has no set point.
Definition
Continuous Variable
Term
Variable that has a definite number.
Definition
Discrete Variable. Family Size
Term
Collection of all people that could be measured.
Definition
Population
Term
Subset of a population
Definition
Sample
Term
IV causes the DV. WHat type of relationship
Definition
Casual
Term
manipulation of the IV is key in _____ relationship.
Definition
Casual
Term
a variable that can be used to predict the value of another variable
Definition
Predictor Variable
Term
variable being predicted. It is the dependent variable
Definition
criterion variable
Term
variables other than the independent variable that may bear any effect on the behavior of the subject being studied.
Definition
Extraneous variable
Term
PV predicts the CV
Key is no manipulation
Definition
Predictive Relationships
Term
Types of Research
Definition
True Experiment

Observation (Correlational) Research
Term
Observation (Correlational) Research
Definition
No manipulation

Minimal control over EV

Predictive relationship between PV and CV
Term
True Experiment
Definition
Manipulation of IV

Randomization of subjects to groups

Casual relationship between IV and DV
Term
What are the two requirements of a true experiment?
Definition
Manipulation of IV

Randomization of subjects to groups

Casual relationship between IV and DV
Term
Another name for “spread” is _________??
Definition
Variability
Term
Calculating Range
Definition
High Score - Low Score
Term
Intercortile Range (IR)
Definition
Distance between datapoint 25% and 75%
Term
Always a whole number is _____.
Definition
Midrage
Term
Median Position
Definition
(n+1)/2
Term
Hinge Position formula
Definition
Median Position+1/2
Term
s* = Sample Standard Deviation
Definition
s* = Sample Standard Deviation
Term
Sample Variance (S*2)
Definition
s*²=[NEX²-(EX)²]/N²
Term
S* = ______?
Definition
(square root) of s*²
Term
Unbiased Variance Estimate (s²) Computational Formula
Definition
[NEX²-(EX)²]/[N(N-1)]
Term
N = ______?
Definition
number of units. i.e. 1 3 5 7
n = 4
Term
EX² = _____?
Definition
each number sqaured individually.
Term
(EX)²
Definition
all values added together and then squared. 1 3 5 = 9² = 81
Term
Unbiased Variance Estimate, s²
Definition
[NEX²-(EX)²]/[N(N-1)]
Term
s = ______? Formula
Definition
s= s²
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