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Psychiatry / Neurology - Brainstem and Cerebellar Disorders
Brainstem and Cerebellar Disorders
13
Medical
Professional
08/26/2014

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Cards

Term
What cranial nerves exit each area of the brainstem
Definition

Midbrain: III, IV

Pons: V, VI, VII, VIII

Medulla: IX, X

Term
What is the blood supply to each of the brainstem areas and the Cerebellum
Definition

Midbrain: PCA, PCOM, Basilar

Pons: Basilar, SCA, AICA, Penetrating

Cerebellum: SCA, AICA, PICA

Medulla: PICA, Anterior and Posterior Spinal

Term
What are the functional roles of the different areas of the Cerebellum?
Definition

Flocculonodular: Vestibular/Equilibrium

Anterior Lobe: Posture

Posterior Lobe: Coordination

Term
What is the Chiari Malformation
Definition
Displacement of Brainstem and cerebellar tonsils through foramen magnum
Term
What is locked-in syndrome and how does it typically occur?
Definition

Paralysis of arms, legs, and face

Basilar artery occlusion affecting ventral pons

Term
What is weber's syndrome and how does it occur
Definition

Contralateral Hemiparesis(Cerebral Peduncle) and Ipsilateral 3rd nerve Palsy

Occlusion of the Top of the basilar artery affecting midbrain

Term
What are the signs of Wallenberg's Syndrome and how does it occur
Definition

Lateral Medulla

Ipsilateral V

Vestibular nuclei: nausea, vomiting, nystgamus

IX and X Palsy

Spinothalamic: Contalateral pain and temp loss on body

Descending Sympathetics: Horner's

Cerebellum: Spinocerebellar tract-Ataxia

Cause: PICA or Vertebral Artery Stroke

Dx: Contralateral body and ipsilateral sensory loss

Term
What are the common tumors of the brainstem
Definition

Glioma

Ependymoma

Medulloblastoma

Carcinomatosis

Term
What are the characteristics of the Dandy-Walker Malformation
Definition

Agenesis of Cerebellar vermis

Large posterior fossa

Dilation of 4th ventricle

 

Term
What are common toxins affecting the cerebellum
Definition

Alcohol and Anti-epileptics(Phenytoin)

 

Term
What is an extreme treatment of a severe cerebellar stroke
Definition
Cerebellar hemispherectomy
Term
What are Anti-Yo antibodies
Definition
Paraneoplastic anti-bodies from gynecological neoplasms causing cerebellar purkinje degeneration
Term
What are the signs of  a AICA stroke and a SCA stroke
Definition

SCA: Unilateral Ataxia

AICA: Some Ataxia, Unilateral Hearing loss

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