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| the process of detecting and encoding info about the environment received through our senses (color, angles, etc) |
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| the process of organizing and interpreting sensory info (because it is yellow and it is curved, it is a banana) |
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| starts with our sensory receptors, detecting and encoding lines, angles, shapes, and colors. It's associated with sensation |
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| starts with our experiences and expectations, organization and interpretation of the info. It's associated with perception. |
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| minimum stimulation necessary to detect a stimulus half of the time. can sense stimuli below A.T. but less and below A.T. |
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| minimum difference a person can detect b/w 2 stimuli half of the time. Just noticeable difference. increases with the magnitude of the stimulus |
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| process by which our sensory systems convert stimulus energy into neural messages (what we see) transform. |
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| where light enters the eye, bends it to focus is |
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| small adjustable opening that light passes through |
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| colored muscle around pupil, regulates amount of that that gets in |
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| focuses light into image on back surface of the eye |
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| light sensitive inner surface of the eye, where light that enters eye focuses |
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| central or focal point of the retina |
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| carries nerve impulse from the eye to the brain |
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| process by which the eyes lens changes shape to focus near or far objects |
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| distant objects focus in front of the retina, nearby objects are seen clearly but distant objects are not |
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| nearby objects focus behind the retina (not focused yet), far away objects are seen clearly but nearby objects are not |
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| receptor cells associated with black and white vision, located at the top and bottom of the retina |
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| receptor cells associated with color vision, located at the fovea of the retina |
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| point where the optic nerve leaves the eye and there are no receptor cells there |
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| trichromatic theory (young and helmholtz) |
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| can create any color by combining light waves of red, green and blue. have 3 types of color receptors, 1 cone for each color. |
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| opponent-processes theory (hering) |
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| with trichoromatic theory..have 2 additional color processes, red vs green and blue vs yellow. 2 extra receptors for these. (look at red then look away and see green, same with blue and yellow) |
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| nerve cells in brain respond to specific features of a stimulus such as Edges, Shape, Angle, Movement. different areas of the brain respond to the different features. |
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| sound waves enter, channels the sounds waves through the auditory cant to the eardrum |
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| sound waves travel through |
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| tight membrane that vibrates with the waves |
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| snail shaped tube in inner ear where sound waves trigger nerve impulses, filled with liquid |
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| triggered by sound waves, when they bend they trigger impulses in the adjacent nerve cells and messages sent to temporal lobe, receptor cells |
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| with perceiving pitch, different sound waves trigger activity in different parts of the cochleas membrane |
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| with perceiving pitch, whole cochlea membrane vibrates, this triggers neural impulses to the brain at same rate as sound wave |
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| the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time |
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| caused by damage to the ear drum or middle ear bones |
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| sensorineural hearing loss |
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| most common, caused by damage to the cochleas receptor cells or to the auditory nerves (loud music, sticking things in ear) |
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| may be most important sense, pressure, warmth, cold, pain |
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| pain tells us we need to change a behavior, involves senses and a region of the brain |
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| chemical sense, taste buds catch food chemicals, taste sensations: sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami (savory) |
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| also chemical sense, molecules in air reach our olfactory receptor cells, inhale what you smell, we have our own scent. |
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| our senses may influence another, stuffy nose, cant taste. |
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| system that senses the position and movement of body parts. |
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| monitors the heads position and movement, helps us maintain our balance, located in the inner ear (fluid) |
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