Term
| public perceptions of mental illness |
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Definition
due to emotional weakness
caused by bad parenting
victim's fault; can will it away
incurable
consequence of sinful behavior
has a biological basis; involves the brain |
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Term
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Definition
clinical (psychiatric) disorders
EX) OCD, schizophrenia, ADHD |
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Term
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Definition
| personality disorders, mental retardation |
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Term
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Definition
| general medical conditions |
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Term
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Definition
psychosocial and environmental problems
problems with primary support group (divorce)
educational problems (illiterate)
occupational problems (unemployed)
housing problems (homeless) |
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Term
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Definition
Global Assessment of Functioning
ranges from 0-100
normal = 80-90
< 30 = actively psychotic
< 20 = suicidal or homicidal |
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Term
| DSM-IV clinical disorders |
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Definition
disorders diagnosed in childhood (ADHD)
dementia and delirium
psychotic disorders (schizophrenia)
affective disorders (major depression; bipolar disorder)
anxiety disorder (OCD, panic disorder)
somatoform disorder (hypochondriasis) - not treated with drugs
dissociative disorders - not treated with drugs
substance use disorders (alcohol, cocaine)
eating disorders
sleep disorders |
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Term
| psychiatric patient assessment |
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Definition
HPI: worries, preoccupations, changes in mood, suspicions, delusions or hallucinatory experiences, recent changes in sleep, appetite, libido, concentration, memory, or behavior, including suicidal or aggressive behaviors
past psychiatric history: chronology of past episodes of mental illness
family and social history
general medical history and physical exam
laboratory evaluation
medication history |
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Term
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Definition
the cornerstone of the psychiatric interview
AMSIT
Appearance
Mood and Affect
Sensorium
Intelligence
Thought |
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Term
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Definition
age, race, gender, grooming, dress, hygiene, dentition
BEHAVIOR: attitude, psychomotor activity, eye contact, gait, posture, impulse control, abnormal movements
SPEECH: rhythm, rate, tone; poverty of speech, neologisms (making up words) difficulty with word finding, clanging (rhyming everything) |
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Term
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Definition
how the patient feels
depressed < dysphoric < euthymic < elevated < euphoric
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
how the patient displays that mood to the world
range:
full - showing emotion appropriately
restricted - not showing all emotion
blunted
flat - not showing any emotion at all; seen in schizophrenia
appropriate vs. not appropriate |
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Term
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Definition
orientation (time, place, person, circumstance)
memory (especially recent)
calculations (serial 7 subtractions) |
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Term
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Definition
current level of functioning
vocabulary
complexity of concept |
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Term
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Definition
form (process)
content
abstracting ability
insight and judgment (poor, fair, good) |
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Term
| abnormalities in thought form (process) |
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Definition
thought form is the expression of thoughts
goal-oriented (linear) thoughts are connected and presented in a logical manner
abnormalities:
circumstantial
tangential - goes off on tangents and may never answer the question (mania)
flight of ideas - going from one idea to the next very fast
loose associations - ideas are not connected (schizophrenia)
concrete thinking - what brought you to the hospital? a car (children, low IQ, schizophrenia)
thought blocking - lose the thought and is silent |
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Term
| abnormalities in thought content |
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Definition
thought content is inner beliefs: what are you thinking about?
abnormalities:
delusion
suicidality
thought insertion - someone is inserting thoughts into their brain
thought broadcasting - ideas are being broadcasted out
ideas of reference - the TV is talking to me directly
hypersexuality
false perceptions - hallucinations |
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Term
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Definition
involved in Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, depression, ADHD
involved in the reward system
primary receptor of interest:
D2 blockade - involuntary movements (extrapyramidal system); hyperprolactinemia (sexual dysfunction); decrease in positive symptoms
D2 activation - psychosis; antiparkinsonian effect; psychomotor activation; enhanced motivation and cognition |
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Term
| role of norepinephrine (NE) |
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Definition
plays a role in depression, ADHD
2 primary receptors of interest: alpha1 and beta
alpha1:
activation - vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure
blockade - orthostatic hypotension (dizziness), reflex tachycardia, priapism
beta:
activation - increased heart rate, bronchial dilation, increased glucose, tremor
blockade - reduce heart rate, reduce tremor, bronchoconstriction, peripheral vasoconstriction |
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Term
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Definition
plays a role in depression, anxiety, eating disorders
receptors of interest:
5HT-1a - antagonism involved with anxiety
5HT-2a - antagonist cause decrease in negative symptoms
5HT-1d - blood flow (migraines)
5HT-2c - appetite (blockade = weight gain)
5HT-3 - antagonism = anti-nausea |
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Term
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Definition
plays a role in anxiety, seizure activity
primary receptors of interest:
GABA-A - suppresses excess activity (seizures); alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates act here
GABA-B - muscle relaxation; GHB, baclofen act here |
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Term
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Definition
blockage of muscarinic receptors = anticholinergic effects:
blurred vision
dry mouth
urinary retention
constipation
memory impairment
exacerbation of narrow angle glaucoma
sinus tachycardia |
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Term
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Definition
several psychotropic medications possess antihistamine effects (diphenhydramine, quetiapine)
receptors of interest:
H1 - blockage = sedation, weight gain
H2 - blockage = reduces acidity in stomach |
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