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Details Title: Psych Final Description: Psych Total Flash Cards: 44 Created: 12/14/2004 11:30:36	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term What were the results of the stanford prison experiment? Definition Experiment ended in 6 Days. Prisoners suffered from mental break-downs, guards took their duties to the extreme. Term What are three factors important to person perception? Definition Physical Appearance(what someone looks like) Social Schema( general knowledge) stereotypes (gender, race, etc) Term What is the self-fulfilling prophecy? Definition your expectations that cause you to behave an expected way Term What are three examples of studies that illustrate the effects of SFP? Definition Telephone Study Intellectual Bloomer Study Littering Study Term What is an attribution? Definition how we explain behavior Term What is an external attribution? Definition attributions to the situation High in Consistency(changes when casual event is present) Distinctiveness(does change when casual event is not present) Consensus(does casual event cause same reaction in others?) Term What is an Internal Attribution? Definition attributions to the person High Consistency (changes when casual event is present) Low Distinctiveness and Consensus (does not cause same reaction, does not change when casual event is not present) Term What is the fundamental Attribution Error? Definition tendency to overestimate the influence of internal personal factors and underestimate the role of situational factors (she tripped because she was clumsy, not because there was a bananna peel on the ground) Term What is the self serving bias? Definition tendency to attribute own failure to external causes, and others failures to internal causes (I got a D on the exam because the teacher did not do a good job, mary got a D because she doesnt study) Term What is an attitude? Definition positive or negative evalutations or beliefs that may affect behavior Term What is the boring tastk study? Definition Boring Task Study Participant completed boring task Asked to tell next participant that experiment was fun Paid either $1 or $20 Participant rates experiment $1 participant rated exp. more fun Term What was the Product Rating Study? Definition Product Rating Study Women rated different products Picked one of two closely rated ones Re- rated products Chosen product re-rated higher Term Initiation Study Definition Women initiated into group discussing sex Initiation mild or severe Sex discussion boring n Severe initiates rated group higher than mild initiates Term How do attitudes and behavior interact?(Name two ways) Definition Cognitive Dissonance: tension when attitude and behavior doesnt match. To reduce tenstion, change attitude or behavior. Self Perception Theory: infer own beliefs by infering owns behavior Term What is social influence? Definition the study of how the thoughts and feelings are affected by the presence of others Term What is Social Facilitation? Definition enhancement of performance when watched by others Term What is social Loafing? Definition The tendency to put out less effort when working in a group Term What is social intereference? Definition impairment of ones performance when others are watching Term What is Bystander effect? Definition reluctance to aid someone when others are present Term What are three conditions necessary for bystander intervention? Definition Have to notice incident Interpret as emergency assume responsibility Term What is deindividuation? Definition depersonalization resulting from being in a group, increases chances of destructive behavior Term What is group polarization? Definition when dominant p.o.v. becomes more extreme Term what is groupthink? Definition when the group encourages consensus, suppressing dissent Term What is conformity? Definition when someone adjusts behavior to coincide with what the group is doing Term What was Asch's Experiment Definition Match Target line to 1 to 3...to see if people would change their answers according to what the others in the group did Term What is obedience? Definition a form of compliance when responding to orders or authority figures Term What was Milgrams experiment? Definition Milgram told people they were doing a study on learning. When the learner answered incorrectly the teacher was supposed to "shock" them. Most people obeyed because they did not feel responsible, and were listening to authority figure. Term What is personality? Definition Characteristics that make us different or cause us to act consistently across situations Term What is the person-situation debate? Definition Trait(person) says that behavior is a function of internal traits Situationism: behavior is mostly a function of situation Term What is the trait personality theory? Definition How people differ or act consistently across situations Term What are the BIG FIVE traits? Definition Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreableness Neuroticism Term What is an objective test? Definition structured, few possible responses, purpose is clear, objectively scored Term What is a subjective test? Definition Unstructured, many asnwers, purpose unclear Term What are the problems with trait theory? Definition Theory is based on self report Answers "how much" now "how," or "why" Term What is the problem with trait assessment? Definition people might answer questions to look good personality might be consistent, but behavior is not Term What is psychodynamic personality theory? Definition Freud Behavior is governed by unconcious influences Term What is the conscious? Definition contents of awareness, those things that occupy the focus of ones current attention Term Preconscious? Definition the part of the mind that contains all of the inactive but potentially accessible thoughts and memories Term unconscious? Definition The part of the mind that Freud believes houses all the memories, urges, and conflicts that are truly beyond awareness Term What is ID? Definition primitive unconscious part of personality governed mostly by sexual and aggressive drives(pleasure principle or immediate gratification) Term What is the EGO? Definition uses reason and deliberation in deciding action Reality principle, monitors real world, listens to ID and Superego Term What is SUPEREGO? Definition Internalization of societies values, standards and morals Idealistic Principle:always act in proper ideal fashion as dictated by culture Term What is psychodynamic therapy? Definition to solve personality problems, people must solve their inner conflicts Term What are three techniques uesd by psychodynamic therapists? Definition Free Association (free expression of thought and feeling) Slips of tongue ( speech errors reflect thoughts not intended to be expressed) Dream Analysis