Term
| Haloperidol (Haldol); Droperidole |
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Definition
| Butyrophenone; initial drug for tx of psychotic d/o, Tourette's, Huntington's disease; dopamine receptor antagonist; SE: EPS, tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, sedation, hypotension; dec seizure threshold |
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Term
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Definition
| Atypical; blocks serotonin receptors, some dopamine; +/- sx of schizophrenia; SE: ortho hypo, sex dysfxn, sedation, constipation, blurred vision, hyperglycemia, bone marrow suppression; BB: agranulocytosis, fatal myocarditis, ortho hypo |
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Term
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Definition
| Atypical; better response of - sx, longer lasting, less EPS; tx schizophrenia, acute mania; high affinity for serotonin; SE: wt gain, ortho hypo, NMS, tardive dyskinesia, DM |
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Term
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Definition
| Atypical; tx acute schizophrenia (1-2 wks to work), acute mania, bipolar d/o; serotonin antagonist; WARN: NMS, tardive dyskinesia, proarrhythmias; BB: inc mortality in elderly, dec effect of levodopa |
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Term
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Definition
| Atypical; tx schizophrenia, MDD, bipolar d/o, off label - restless leg syn; "dopamine system stabilizer," +/- sx of schizophrenia; partial agonist & antagonist; minimal SE/no wt gain; BB: inc mortality in elderly, inc risk of suicide in teens/young adults |
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Term
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Definition
| TCA; prototype; tx depression, chronic pain, panic d/o, dysmenorrhea, childhood enuresis, OCD; inhibit reuptake of serotonin & NE; takes up to 6 wks to work; SE: sedation, anticholinergic effects, arrhythmias, ortho hypo, stimilate appetite; CTN: BPH, NA glaucoma, arrhythmias |
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Term
| Buproprion (Wellbutrin; Zyban) |
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Definition
| SNRI: tx depression, smoking cessation; inhibit reuptake of dopamine; weak blocker of serotonin/NE; SE: insomnia, agitation, seizures, anxiety, H/A, dry mouth, severe constipation; WARN: seizure activity |
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Term
| Venlafaxine HCl (Effexor XR)/ Prestiq |
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Definition
| SNRI; tx depression, neuropathic pain, SE: inc BP, anxiety, insomnia, anorexia, dry mouth, impotency, discontinuation syn; CTN: serious/fatal rxn c MAOI |
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Term
| Fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem) |
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Definition
| SSRI; tx depression, bulimia, OCD, sarafem - PMDD; 5 wk drug-free period when switching; SE: H/A, insomnia, drowsiness, N/V, wt loss, SKIN RASH; compete c TCAs for elimination |
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Term
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Definition
| SSRI; tx depression, OCD, panic d/o, GAD, long term tx or PTSD; SE: N/D, serotonin syn |
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Term
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Definition
| SSRI; tx depression, GAD, hot flashes; SE: activate mania, dec seizure threshold, discontinuation syn; CTN: MAOI: INT: desipramine (TCA) |
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Term
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Definition
| SSRI; tx depression, OCD; may take several months for therapeutic response; SE: serotonin syn; PG cat C; enzyme inhibitor |
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Term
| Citalopram (Celexa); Escaitalopram (Lexapro) |
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Definition
| SSRI; improve depression sx; prevent relapse; Lexapro has faster onset than Celexa; CTN: MAOI |
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Term
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Definition
| used for atypical depression, refractory to other antidepressants, last resort med; ex: Nardil, Parnate, Marplan, Deprenyl; Transdermal Selegiline (Emsam) |
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Term
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Definition
| DOC for BPD manic & depressive episodes; "mood stabilizer"; dec suicide rate; 1-4 wk for therapeutic effect; narrow TI; SE: edema, fine hand tremor, polyuria; WARN: toxicity close to therapeutic level; maintain Na intake; INT: NSAIDs |
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Term
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Definition
| anticonvulsant; tx manic pt; 2nd line; SE: sedation, confusion, ataxia, SE < Li |
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Term
| Valproate Sodium (Depakote) |
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Definition
| DOC for BPD manic episodes (not euphoric mania); prophylaxis of recurrence of mania attacks; works faster, inc TI, less SE than Li; SE: N/V, dizziness, somnolence; BB: pancreatitis (rare -> thrombocytopenia, liver failure) |
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Term
| Tacrine HCl (Cognex); Donepezil HCl (Aricept) |
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Definition
| Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; mild-mod dementia of AD; centrally acting reversible cholinesterase inhibitor; SE: N/V/D, dyspepsia, myalgia, anorexia, ataxia, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction; inhibit metabolism of theophylline; *monitor transaminase levels weekly* |
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Term
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Definition
| NMDA antagonist; mod-severe AD; SE: dizziness, constipation, PG cat B; does not slow or prevent neurodegeneration |
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Term
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Definition
| benzo; prototype; DEA cat IV; tx anxiety d/o, insomnia; facilitate action of inhibitory GABA on GABA receptors s working directly on GABA receptors; distributed to brain; SE: sedation, anterograde amnesia, rebond anxiety & withdrawal c abrupt DC; antidote: Flumazenil (Romazicon) |
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Term
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Definition
| benzo; DOC for elderly & pt c renal insuff; directly conjugated to metabolite; SE: sedation, anterograde amnesia, rebound anxiety & withdrawal c abrupt DC |
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Term
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Definition
| benzo; anxiolytic, depression, OCD, panic d/o; metabolized to weakly active metabolite -> then conjugated; highly addictive |
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Term
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Definition
| benzo; DOC for continuous sedation; pre-op med; SE: anterograde amnesia, sedation; no driving or ETOH use |
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Term
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Definition
| tx anxiety d/o for short term relief; 1-4 wk to work; SE: dizziness, N, H/A, nervousness; NO anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, little sedative effects; NO abuse |
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Term
| Zolpidem (Ambien)/Zaleplon (Sonata) |
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Definition
| DEA cat IV; sedative/hypnotic; insomnia for 1-2 wk - quick onset, need 8 hrs to sleep; SE: daytime drowsy, anmensia, "sleep driving", dizziness; no REM sleep; PG cat B |
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Term
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Definition
| Longest half life; sedative/hypnotic; insomnia for 6+ months; quick onset; SE: unpleasant taste, H/A, daytime drowsy, "sleep driving" |
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Term
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Definition
| primary & continuous CNS depressant; SE: tolerance & addiction; chronic -> inducer; acute -> inhibitor |
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Term
| Methylphenidate (Ritalin) |
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Definition
| Prototype; DOC for ADHD, narcolepsy; mild CNS stimulant; SE: insomnia, depression, anorexia, inc BP, dec growth, may lower seizure threshold |
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Term
| d-Amphetamine (Dexedrine)/ Adderall |
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Definition
| tx ADHD, narcolepsy, obesity; stimulates CNS, dec appetite; SE: tolerance, restlessness, insomnia, tachycardia, psychosis; WARN: abuse; CTN: arteriosclerosis, CVD, HTN |
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Term
| Atomoxetine HCl (Strattera) |
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Definition
| non-controlled substance; "non-stimulant"; tx ADHD; selective NE reuptake inhibitor; SE: N/V, anorexia, wt loss, mood swings, fatigue; BB: inc risk of suicide |
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Term
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Definition
| tx obesity; inhibit GI lipase -> dec lipid absorption; SE: fecal incontinence, gas, diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
| SNRI; tx MDD, DM peripiheral neuropathy pain, fibromyalgia; SE: N/C, diaphroesis, NO discontinuation syn; BB: suicidality; INT: thioridazine, MAOI |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Triazolam (Halcion); Zolpidem (Ambien); Flurazepam (Dalmane) |
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Definition
| Hypnotic Benzos; tx insomnia; SE: anterograde amnesia, sedation, "sleep driving"; PG cat X; DC slowly or rebound may occur |
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