Term
| Piaget’s Constructivist View of Cognitive Development |
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Definition
Piaget 1a. Importance of Time In Binet’s Laboratory
Importance # 1 – Kids are active seekers of knowledge not passive. Try to answer questions.
Importance of Time In Binet’s Laboratory
Importance # 2 – children show striking regularity and consistency in the answers they give to questions. And give consistent wrong answers.
Importance of Time In Binet’s Laboratory
Why this observation was groundbreaking –
At the time people thought children were passive thinkers, that they simply absorbed what they were told.
Importance of Time In Binet’s Laboratory
Importance #3 – Realized that a clinical method would be reasonable. So interviewed children, wasn’t interested in answers they gave so much as the reasoning for it. |
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Term
| Stage 1: Sensorimotor Thought (Birth to 2 Years |
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Definition
| 1a. Importance of Direct Contact – Learn of world through senses and motor skills. Learn about things through contact, after contact the thought of it is gone. Out of sight out of mind. Lack mental representation. |
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Term
| Stage 2: Preoperational Thought (2 to 7 Years) |
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Definition
2a. Symbols in Play symbolic play – Children use one object to stand for something else. Example banana is a telephone. 18 months – Rarely show symbolic play at this point.
Symbols in Play
By the age of 2 – Use variety as long as it has some similarity.
By 5 years – Can use anything as anything |
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Term
| Stage 3: Concrete Operational Thought (7 to 11 Years) |
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Definition
Class Inclusive Problems Example – Put teddy bears and dolls down in front of child and ask if there are more toys or dolls. And they will often say more dolls. Preoperational child’s response – They wont combine them
Concrete operational child’s response – Understand objects can be classified in multiple ways and can focus on more aspects
Doctor example – When a person referred to a child’s mother as a doctor a child would say that’s not a doctor that’s my mother |
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Term
| Stage 4: Formal Operational Thought (Approximately Ag 12 and Above |
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Definition
| Adolescent Egocentrism – Feel that they are invulnerable to risk. Able to establish thoughts and reasoning with those of others. |
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Term
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Definition
| Belief that everyone else is as concerned with your thoughts and feelings as you are. Can lead to extreme self consciousness. As if on a stage at all times being watched. Imagine that anyone talking to you can only notice what you are concerned with example a zit. |
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Term
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Definition
| – False belief that one has about their own thoughts and risk. They usually think they are the first person ever to have the thoughts that they have. And no one else can understand you |
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Term
The Role of Speech and Language
1a. Social and Private Speech |
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Definition
Social speech – Learn ways of thinking through the language we hear. Social speech is the speech we hear around us.
private speech –Adopt portions of public speech and incorporate that into their private speech. When younger private speech isn’t private at first when younger they can sometimes talk outloud. |
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Term
| The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD |
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Definition
| 2a. Definition – The distance of when a kid can do something independent with no help and level of potential development they can achieve through guidance. |
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Term
| Bottom boundary and Top boundary |
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Definition
Bottom boundary – Consists of the most challenging problems that a child can solve on their own.
Top boundary – What a child can get their child to do with a little help |
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Term
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Definition
| Require mental functions, when the child is in the process of internalizing but don’t completely have. |
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Term
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Definition
| – Only through challenging will a child improve. Then make sure that they have the assistance to meet the new challenges |
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Term
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Definition
How fast can you learn, how much help and guidance do you need. Whats the most you can do on your own
Example - Test for adding fractions – Detailed information about development of skills |
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Term
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Definition
| Generally used to identify kids who need help. Increasingly being used as a formal assessment. To see if in comparison to peers if need of extra attention. |
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