Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Psych 105 Chapter 8
Language and Thought
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
04/09/2009

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Cards

Term
Property of Language - Symbolic
Definition
Sounds/words represent object
Term
Property of Language - Generative
Definition
Create sentence/words
Term
Property of Language - Structured
Definition
Rules of language. (English)
Term
Morpheme
Definition
Smallest unit of meaning
Term
Phoneme
Definition
Smallest unit of speech
Term
Semantics
Definition
Rules to derive meaning of words
Term
Syntax
Definition
Rules for arranging sentences
Term
Language Development by age
Definition
10-13 months = first words, 2 yrs = 2 word, 2.5 = 3 word, 3 yrs = sentences
Term
Speech Errors - Overextension
Definition
One word for multiple objects
Term
Speech Errors - Underextension
Definition
One word for specific thing
Term
Speech Errors - Telegraphic Speech
Definition
"Give doll." not "Give me the doll please."
Term
Speech Errors - Overregulation
Definition
"I hitted the ball"
Term
Bilingualism
Definition
Younger and more acculturated it's easier to learn
Term
Chimpanzees
Definition
Can learn ASL and up to 150 words
Term
Behavorist Theory
Definition
Learn by imitation, reinforcement, conditioning
Term
Nativist Theory
Definition
Kids learn grammar rules, not imitation
Term
Interactionist Theory
Definition
Biology and Experience
Term
Whorf
Definition
One's language is one's thoughts
Term
Structure problem solving
Definition
Word/symbol/number problems
Term
Arrangement problem solving
Definition
Putting things together (anagram)
Term
Transformation problem solving
Definition
Complex transformations for problem
Term
Problem solving barriers
Definition
Irrelevant info, functional fixedness (screwdriver only screws), mental set (previous methods), and unnecessary constraints
Term
Algorithm
Definition
Step by step procedure
Term
Heuristic - Problem solving
Definition
Rule of thumb, shortcut
Term
Subgoals
Definition
Solve part of the problem
Term
Changing the Representation
Definition
Reworking problem (making a table, chart)
Term
Heuristics - Decision making
Definition
Relevant, available factors
Term
Overconfidence
Definition
Too much faith in own estimate
Term
Framing
Definition
Weighing options
Term
Confirmation bias
Definition
Seek info that supports one's decision
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