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Psych 101
1st exam
124
Physiology
Undergraduate 1
01/25/2009
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Term
Four Major Research Perspectives
 Definition
Biological

Cognitive



Behavioral

Socio-Cultural
Term
Biological
 Definition
Brain and Nervous system effect behavior and mental processes
Term
Cognitive
 Definition
Perception, memory, problem solving impact behavior
Term
Behavioral
 Definition
External environmental effects behavior
Term
Socio-Cultural
 Definition
People and Cultural context impact behavioral and mental processes.
Term
Hindsight Bias
 Definition
"I knew it all along"
Folk Psychology:Thinking you knew something even though it wasn't logically predictable
Term
Over Confidence
 Definition
Thinking we know something we dont' actually know
Term
Birthday Paradox
 Definition
In a room of over 23 people, 50% chance of at least one shared birthday
Term
Occam's Razor
 Definition
All else being equal, the simplest solution is the best solution
Term
Psychology
 Definition
Uses scientific method to construct theories that organize, summarize, and simplify observations about human behavior
Term
Theory
 Definition
integrates principles and organizes and predicts behavior or events
Term
Hypothosis
 Definition
Requires operationalizing Constructs in the theory.

ex. How will self esteem be measured?
Term
Descriptive Methods
 Definition
Research methods whose main purpose iss to provide objective and detailed descriptions of behavior and mental processes
Term
Naturalistic Observation
 Definition
Behavior of interest is observed in natural setting, researcher does not intervene in the behavior observed.
Term
Participant Observation
 Definition
Researcher becomes art of group being observed.
Term
Case Study
 Definition
Researcher studies one person over a length of time. Ex. HM
Term
Survey Researh
 Definition
Using Questionnaires and interviews to collect information about behavior beliefs and attitudes of particular groups of people.
Term
Population
 Definition
Group being researched
Term
Sample
 Definition
Part of population that actually aprticipates in study
Term
Random Sampling
 Definition
representative sample of a population where all demographics have equal opportunity to be in the sample
Term
Variable
 Definition
Any factor that can take on more than one value
Term
Correlation Co-efficient
 Definition
Statisstic that shows the type and strength of the relationship between two variables. Negative and positive. Absolute Value of coefficient represents strength. -1 - 1
Term
Positive correlation
 Definition
Direct relationship between two variables i.e. Height and weight
Term
Negative Correlation
 Definition
Inverse of
Amount of time kids spend watching Tv and their grades in school
Term
Scatterplot
 Definition
Visual Depiction of correlational data in which data points represent scores of two variables
Term
Third Variable Problem
 Definition
Correlation between two variables in terms of a third variable that is possibly responsible for observable relationship between the two vaiables.

Ex. The more tatoo's you have the more likely to be in a motorcycle accident.

third variable: motorcyle culture
Term
Experimental Research
 Definition
Research where the experimenter controls research environment
Term
Random Assignment
 Definition
A control to equalize participant characteristics by separating people randomly.
Term
Independent variable
 Definition
variable that is a hypothosized cause and thus manipulated by the experimenter
Term
Dependent Variable
 Definition
Variable that is to be affected by independent variable
Term
Experiment group
 Definition
group exposed to independent variable
Term
Operational Definition
 Definition
Description of the operations or procedures that a researcher uses to manipulate or measure a variable
Term
Placebo Effect
 Definition
Improvement due to Expectation of improving because if receiving treatment
Term
la fotografa
 Definition
photographer
Term
el abogado
 Definition
Lawyer
Term
la mujer meca(a)nico
 Definition
female mechanic
Term
la doctora
 Definition
doctor
Term
el enfermero
 Definition
nurse
Term
la arquitecto/a
 Definition
architect
Term
la artista
 Definition
artist
Term
el/la asesor(a)
 Definition
consultant
Term
el/la asistente social
 Definition
social worker
Term
el/la banquero/a
 Definition
banker
Term
el bombero/ la mujer de bombero
 Definition
fireman/ firewoman
Term
el /la cientifico/a
 Definition
scientist
Term
el/ la contable
 Definition
accountant
Term
el/la director
 Definition
director
Term
el/la desen(N)ador
 Definition
designer
Term
el/la empleado/a
 Definition
employee
Term
el/la entrenador(a)
 Definition
personal trainer
Term
el/la escritor
 Definition
writer
Term
el/la fontanero/a
 Definition
plumber
Term
el/la fontanero/a
 Definition
plumber
Term
el hombre/ la mujer de negocios
 Definition
businessman/ business woman
Term
el/ la ingeniero/a
 Definition
engineer
Term
el poli(i)tico/ la mujer de poli(I)tico
 Definition
politician
Term
el/la programador(a)
 Definition
computer programmer
Term
el/la traductor
 Definition
translator
Term
la bibliotecaria
 Definition
librarian
Term
la piloto
 Definition
piolot
Term
Tomar- Formal- Usted - Ustedes
 Definition
Tome, Tomen
Term
el dia laboral
 Definition
workday
Term
pesado
 Definition
strenuous
Term
base econo(O)mica
 Definition
economic base
Term
postular
 Definition
to apply (for)
Term
estadisticas
 Definition
statistics
Term
Capital de Chile
 Definition
Santiago
Term
Presidente de Chile
 Definition
Michelle Bachelet
Term
Tierra de Poetas
 Definition
Gabriella Mistral:amor,dios,naturaleza, humildes, y Pablo Neruda:variedad de temas, politico
Term
marcar
 Definition
to emphisize
Term
tendencia
 Definition
trend
Term
se les dice
 Definition
they are called
Term
que vaya
 Definition
he should go
Term
zapatos lustrados
 Definition
polished shoes
Term
detalles
 Definition
details
Term
ponte
 Definition
put on
Term
preocu(Ac)pate de
 Definition
take care of that
Term
que sean
 Definition
they are
Term
calidad
 Definition
quality
Term
norma europea
 Definition
European style
Term
cuadra con
 Definition
matches
Term
Isla de Pacsua
 Definition
sculptures
Term
? le importaria(ac)?
 Definition
would you mind....?
Term
?me haria(ac)el favor de.... ?
 Definition
would you please...?
Term
podria(ac) usted.....?
 Definition
could you....?
Term
la agencia de colocaciones
 Definition
job placement agency
Term
el anuncio ( de empleao)
 Definition
(job) ad
Term
la carta recomendacio(ac)n
 Definition
letter of recomendation
Term
la cita
 Definition
appointemtn
Term
el curri(ac)culum vitae
 Definition
resume(ac)
Term
la empresa
 Definition
company
Term
el formulario
 Definition
form
Term
el objectivo
 Definition
objective
Term
la oferta
 Definition
offer
Term
el puesto
 Definition
job, position
Term
la solicitud
 Definition
application
Term
definir
 Definition
to define
Term
exigir
 Definition
to demand
Term
fijar
 Definition
to arrange, to set up
Term
ganar
 Definition
to earn
Term
llenar
 Definition
to fill ( in/ out)
Term
ofrecer(zc)
 Definition
to offer
Term
requerir (ie, i)
 Definition
to require
Term
la competencia
 Definition
skill
Term
conocimientos
 Definition
knowledge
Term
experiencia mi(ac)nima
 Definition
minimum experience
Term
la formaicio(ac)n
 Definition
background
Term
la fuerza fisica
 Definition
physical strentgh
Term
el nivel
 Definition
level
Term
amplio/a
 Definition
ample, broad
Term
arriesgado
 Definition
risk taking
Term
capaz
 Definition
capable
Term
deseable
 Definition
desirable
Term
multilingu(ac)e
 Definition
multilingual
Term
el futuro prometedor
 Definition
promising future
Term
el horario (flexible)
 Definition
flexible hours
Term
la jornada tradicional
 Definition
traditional workday
Term
la oportunidad de anvanzar
 Definition
oportunity for advancement
Term
las prestaciones
 Definition
benifits
Term
el prestigio
 Definition
prestige
Term
la responsabilidad
 Definition
repsponsibility
Term
el sueldo (minimo)
 Definition
minimum wage, salary
Term
de tiempo copmpleto/parcial
 Definition
full time/ part time
Term
seugu(acc)n la experiencia
 Definition
based on experience
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