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PSYCH 100 Online Exam 1
PSU World Campus
67
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
06/14/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
psychology
Definition
the science of behavior and mental processes; includes study of normal and abnormal, modern psych is less than 40 years old
Term
physical relationship
Definition
input> physical environment> result
Term
psychological relationship
Definition
input> physical environment> mental environment> result
Term
for an A, DO
Definition
(A) active learning
(D) distribute your studying
(O) overlearn the information
Term
structuralism
Definition
analyze consciousness into its basic elements; pieces of consciousness
Term
functionalism
Definition
consciousness consists of a continuous flow of thought
Term
Ivan Pavlov
Definition
classical conditioning
Term
humanism
Definition
unique qualities of humans and their potential for personal growth
Term
B.F. Skinner
Definition
operant conditioning
Term
operant conditioning
Definition
behavior is governed by its consequences
Term
independent variable
Definition
condition the experiment varies
Term
dependent variable
Definition
variable affected by manipulation of the independent variable
Term
temperament
Definition
emotional excitability
Term
heritability
Definition
extent to which difference among people are attributable to genes
Term
individualism
Definition
independent self
Term
collectivism
Definition
interdependent self
Term
role
Definition
cluster of prescribed actions
Term
gender identity
Definition
the awareness of being a particular gender
Term
gender roles
Definition
observable behaviors that individuals exhibit that are designated as appropriate for their gender
Term
zygote
Definition
conception to 2 weeks
Term
embryo
Definition
2 thru 8 weeks
Term
fetus
Definition
9 weeks thru birth
Term
teratogens
Definition
harmful agents such as certain viruses/drugs
Term
rooting reflex
Definition
baby's tendency to turn towards touch, open mouth, and search for the nipple
Term
habituation
Definition
decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation
Term
adaptation
Definition
growth of intelligence through direction interaction with the environment
Term
schema
Definition
concept or framework that organizes/interprets info
Term
assimilation
Definition
incorporation new experiences into existing framework of understanding
Term
accommodation
Definition
process of adjusting our old framework
Term
maturation
Definition
biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience
Term
conservation
Definition
quantity remains the same despite changes in shape
Term
sexual orientation
Definition
enduring sexual attraction toward members of our own sex or other sex
Term
everything psychological...
Definition
... is simultaneously biological
Term
fraternal birth order
Definition
men with older brother are somewhat more likely to be gay; due to decreased antibodies in mothers with each subsequent son
Term
emotions
Definition
1. physiological arousal
2. expressive behaviors
3. conscious experience
Term
James- Lange Theory
Definition
emotion is awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
Term
Cannon-Bard theory
Definition
emotion arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses and subjective experience of emotion
Term
two factor theory
(Schachter - Singer)
Definition
to experience emotion one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal
Term
behavior genetics
Definition
study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior
Term
biopsychology
Definition
integrated perspective, incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
Term
companionate love
Definition
deep affectionate attachment we feel for those whom our lives are intertwined
Term
critical period
Definition
optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development
Term
Flynn Effect
Definition
increase in avg IQ test scores over generations
Term
SQ3R method
Definition
survey, question, read, rehearse, review
Term
gender schema theory
Definition
children learn form heir cultures a concept of what it means to be male/female and they adjust their behavior accordingly
Term
guilty knowledge test
Definition
assesses a suspect's physiological responses to crime-scene details known only to the police and guilty person
Term
Harlow Monkeys
Definition
cuddly vs. wire mothers
Term
hindsight bias
Definition
tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it
Term
illusory correlation
Definition
perception of a relationship where none exists
Term
male answer syndrome
Definition
men more likely to hazard answers rather than admit they don't know
Term
mere exposure effect
Definition
repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
Term
passionate love
Definition
an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship
Term
Vygotsky's Ideas
Definition
children have mastered thinking in words and using words to work out solutions to problems when they no longer think aloud
Term
family studies cannot provide conclusive evidence that a trait is influenced by heredity...
Definition
family members also share similar environments
Term
sympathetic nervous system
Definition
mobilizes body's resources for emergencies
Term
parasympathetic nervous system
Definition
conserves bodily resources
Term
seat of emotion in brain:
Definition
hypothalamus
limbic system
Term
identity achievement
Definition
sense of identity achieved
Term
identity foreclosure
Definition
adoption of parental values
Term
identity moratorium
Definition
active struggle for sense of identity
Term
identity diffusion
Definition
no struggle with no obvious concern
Term
object permanence
Definition
when a child recognizes that objects continue to exist even when the are no longer visible
Term
egocentrism
Definition
limited ability to share another person's viewpoint
Term
intimacy
Definition
warmth, closeness, sharing
Term
commitment
Definition
intent to maintain a relationship in spite of the difficulties and costs that may arise
Term
fatuous love
Definition
passion/commitment
ex: whirlwind courtships
Term
consummate love
Definition
passion/intimacy/commitment
(very hard to achieve)
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