Term
Mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway
(MCLP)
(Butcher, p. 419) |
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Definition
• AKA: "pleasure pathway"
• substance abuse involves neurochemical stimulation of the _____ _____ _____ pathway. This is the center of psychoactive drug activation in the brain.
• functions as control of emotions, memory, and gratification.
• stimulaton of the _____ produced great pleasure and has strong reinforcing properties |
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Term
Alcoholism and genetics
(Butcher, p. 420) |
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Definition
• 1/3 of alcholoics with 1 alcoholic parent
• females with both parents (5X greater risk)
• adopted children of alcoholics (2X the risk)
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Term
Alcohol flush reaction
(Butcher, p. 421) |
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Definition
| Asians and Native Americans have an alcohol reaction |
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Term
percent of college Binge drinkers
(butcher, p. 424) |
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Definition
| 44% of college students _____ |
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Term
The Harrison Act
(Butcher, p 433) |
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Definition
| who outlawed Opium in 1914? |
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Term
what percentage of ER visits
were cocaine related? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
• (methamphetamine) ("speed")
• CNS stimulant
used in larged amounts > dealth |
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Term
time to become
addicted to opium |
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Definition
| 30 days to become addicted to ____ |
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Term
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Definition
• Synthesized drug first used in inhalant for stuffy noses
• recalled when discovered that consumers were chewing the wicks for "kicks".
• newer, more powerful preparations is methedrine > popular among adults |
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Term
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Definition
• derived from peyote cactus
• hallucinogen used for centuries |
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Term
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Definition
• addictive drug used as substitute for heroin during treatment
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Term
Chapter 12 - Essay Q 1
• Alcohol has complex and seemingly contradictory effects on the brain from the activation of the brain's "pleaseure areas" to the health risks and degradation that can result from heavy and long-term usage. Discuss this:
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Definition
• PHYSIOLOGICAL:
- inhibit glutamate
• CHRONIC USE:
- chronic fatigue
- oversensitivity
- depression
• DEPENDENCE
- lower feel of adequacy / worth
• ORGANIC DAMAGE
- 26,000 annual cirrhosis deaths
• PHYSICAL AND MENTAL DECLINE
- impaired reason, judgement, deteriorated personality |
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Term
Chapter 12 - Essay Q 2
Discuss controversy about whether alcoholics need to give up drinking altogether or can learn to drink moderately
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Definition
1) controlled drinking, the ability to start drinking after drying out, is possible, it seems, in some cases of less severe situations
2) AA view: alcoholics are always at risk in recovery, one day at a time |
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Term
Chapter 12 - Essay Q 3
Discuss heroin withdrawal |
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Definition
A) addicted users feel physically ill when not take drug
B) withdrawal symptoms approximately 8 hours
C) symptoms > runny nose, tearing eyes, perspiration, restlessness
- symptoms worsen with time > chills, flushing, excessive sweating, vomit, diarrhea, abd cramps, pains, dehydration
• may include delirium, halluc'n, manic
• cardiovascular collapse & death poss.
D) Symptoms are usually on decline by 3 or 4 day > gone by 7th or 8th |
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Term
Chapter 11 - short answer Q3
• The neurochemical process underlying addiction and the role the drug plays in activating the "pleasure pathway" include
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Definition
a) the mesocorticolumbic dopamine pathway (MCLP)
b) alcohol and other drugs produce euphoria by stimulating the MCLP |
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Term
Chapter 11 - short answer Q5
Q - is there an "alcoholic personality" - a type of character organization that predisposes a person to use alcohol, rather than some other defensive patter of coping with stress? Explain.
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Definition
- self med with alcohol > reduce discomfort
- emotionally imature, expect a great deal of the world, require praise, feel inferior, low frustration for tolerance, unsure of abilities to fulfill expected sex-roles
- tents to be impulsive and aggressive
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Term
Chapter 11 - short answer Q6
• immediate effects of mainlined or snorted heroin
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Definition
- euphoric spasm (60 second or so)
- high: lethargic, withdrawn (6 hours)
- negative phase > desire more
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Term
Chapter 11 - short answer Q7
• the view - cocaine users did not develop physiological dependence - has changed over the past 20 years. Explain why
|
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Definition
- acute tolerance has been demonstrated
- know cocaine's addictive prop's
- new disorder: ____ withdrawal
- ++ physiological & life problems exp. by ____ users (expensive habbit)
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Term
| There is a strong association b/w antisocial personality disorder and _____, _____, _____ abuse |
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Definition
There is a strong association b/w _____ personality disorder and alcohol, aggression, substance abuse
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Term
| Planning for relapse does NOT help people to cope with a _____ abuse problem |
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Definition
Planning for relapse ?__does/not__? help people to cope with a substance abuse problem
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Term
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Definition
| • involves marked physicological need for a substance and produces withdrawal symptoms, if unavailable |
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