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Protists, Animals, Fungi, Plants
Biology 2 the Eukaryotes
44
Biology
Undergraduate 2
11/23/2010

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Term
Eukaryote
Definition
An organism that contains cells that have a neuclous and membrane bound organelles.
Term
Prokaryote
Definition
A unicellular organism lacking a nucleous and has very few if any organelles
Term
Haploid
Definition
A cell or individual organism with one set of chromosomes
Term
Diploid
Definition
A cell or organism with two sets of chromosomes one from a maternal parent and one from a paternal parent.
Term
Protist
Definition
Any eukaryote that is not a green plant animal or fungus. A diver paraphyletic group. Most are unicellular but there are exceptions. From aggregations called colonies
Term
Symbiosis
Definition
Any close and prolonged physical relationship between two animals of different species
Term

Pseudopodia

 

Definition
A temporary bulge like extension of certain cells used in cell crawling and the ingestion of food
Term
Parapodia
Definition
Appendages found in some annelids from which bristle like structures extend
Term
Flagella
Definition
A long cellular projection that undulates  or rotates to move the cell through a water based enviorment
Term
Cilia
Definition
One of many short filamentous projections of some eukaryotic cells containg a core of microtubules. Used to move the cell and to move fluid.
Term
Alternation of Generations
Definition
A life cycle involving alternation of a multicellular haploid stage with a multicellular haploid stage. Occurs in most plants and some protists.
Term
Malaria
Definition
A human disease caused by four species of the protists. Passed to humans by misquitos
Term
Fungus
Definition
Eukaryotes that have a filamentous body and obtain nutrients by absorbtion
Term
Chitridyiomicoda
Definition
is a division of the Fungi kingdom. The name is derived from the Greek chytridion, meaning "little pot", describing the structure containing unreleased spores
Term
Zygomycota
Definition
Classified by a durable thick walled zygosporagnium that forms yolked hapae of different mating types
Term
Basidiomycota
Definition
produce complex reproductive structures contains specialized spore forming cells
Term
Ascomycota
Definition
Produce large almost cup shaped reproductive structure that contain asci
Term
Hyphae
Definition
One of the strands of a fungal mycelium, also found in some protists
Term
Parasitism
Definition
a symbiotic term relationship between two organisms that is beneficial to one organism but detrimental to the other.
Term
Mutualism
Definition
A symbiotic relationship between two organisms that benefits both
Term
Mycorrhizae
Definition
A mutualistic association between certain fungi and most vascualr plants sometime visible as nodules
Term
Endosymbiont
Definition
An organism that lives in a symbiotic relationshp in the body of the host
Term
Lichen
Definition
A symbiotic relationship between fungus and a photosynthetic algea
Term
Endophyte
Definition
A fungus that lives inside the above ground parts of the plant in a symbiotic relationship
Term
Plantae
Definition
The monophyletic group that contains red green and glaucophyte algea and land plants
Term
Amoebozoea
Definition
are a major group of amoeboid protozoa, including the majority that move by means of internal cytoplasmic flow.
Term
Directional Selection
Definition
A pattern of natural selection in which they favor one extreme phenotype with the result that the average phenotype of a population changes in one direction
Term
Stabilizing Selection
Definition
A pattern of natural selection in which they favor phenotypes near the middle of the range of phenotypic variation in a population
Term
Autotroph
Definition
any organism that can synthesize reduced organic compounds from simple inorganic compounds
Term
Hetrotroph
Definition
Any organism that cannot synthesize reduced organic compounds from an inorganic sources. Must obtain them from eating other sources.
Term
Disruptive selection
Definition
A pattern of natural selection that favors both sides of extreme phenotypes with the resault that the average phenotype of a population changes in one direction
Term
Sexual Selection
Definition
A pattern of natural selection in which they favor individuals that have traits to increase mating. Acts more strongly on males then females
Term
Adaption
Definition
Any heritable trait that increases the fitness of an individual with that trait compared to individuals without that trait.
Term
Acclimation
Definition
Gradual adjustment to a a new eviorment
Term
Genotype
Definition
All of the alleals in different genes present.
Term
Phenotype
Definition
The detectable physical and physiological traits of an individual which are determined in its genetic makeup
Term
Diploblasts
Definition
An animal whose body develops from two basic embyonic cell layers ectoderm and endoderm
Term
Triploblasts
Definition
An animal whose body develops from three basic embryonic cell layers ectoderm endoderm and mesoderm
Term
Coelom
Definition
An internal usually fluid filled cavity that is lined with mesoderm
Term
Protosomes
Definition
A major liniage of animals who all have a pattern of embryological devpt. includingspiral cleavage, formation of mouth before anus,
Term
Deuterostomes
Definition
A major lineage of animals that share a pattern of embryologydevpt. including radial clevage, anus before mouth, formation of th coleum by pinhing off layers of mesodem from the gut.
Term
Asymmetry
Definition
the quality or condition of lacking symmetry.
Term
Holometabolous metamorphosis
Definition
Complete metamorphosis, during which there are four stages; the egg, larva, pupa, and imago or adult.


Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/holometabolous-metamorphosis#ixzz16CpMAsAz
Term
Hemimetabolous metamorphosis
Definition
An incomplete metamorphosis; gills are present in aquatic larvae, or naiads.


Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/hemimetabolous-metamorphosis#ixzz16Cpcn9jt
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