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Proteins
Proteins and Structures
18
Biochemistry
Graduate
12/25/2011

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Term
peptide bond properties
Definition
covalent, no rotation around C-N, trans, uncharged
Term
3 biological important peptides
Definition
Dipeptides, tripeptides, TRH
Term
Dipeptide
Definition
Carnosine = His + ALA, anserine Methyl-His + B-Ala, found in muscles and contraction and olfaction
Term
Tripeptides
Definition
glutathione: RBC protected from oxiative damange, Glu+Cys+ Gly
Term
TRH
Definition
produced in hypothamalus, Ant pituitary, TSH, acts on thyroid
Term
8 peptide hormones
Definition
Bradykinin,Oxytocin, Angiotension, Vasopressin,Endorphins, Glucagon, Insulin,
Term
Bradykinin
Definition
smooth muscle relaxant, nonapeptide
Term
oxytocin
Definition
nonapeptide, contraction of smooth muscle , labour lactation
Term
Angiotensin
Definition
octapeptide, vasoconstriction, increase BP, releases andolsterone, derived from angiotensinogen
Term
Vasopressin and ACTCh
Definition
Nonpep, anterior lobe of pituitary,
ACTH
regulates growth and adrenal coretex function
Term
endorphins
Definition
pain perception
Term
glucagon
Definition
29 amino acids, produced alpha cells of islet of langerhans, hyperglemic hormone
Term
insulin
Definition
two peptide chains A and B, produced by beta cells if islets of langerhands, hypoglcemic,

synthesized by preproinsulin,
preproinsulin losses signal peptide to give proinsulin
C-peptide cleaved produces mature insulin, C-peptide as a marked
Term
fibrous proteins
Definition
keratin, myosin, collagen
Term
globular
Definition
albumin,gloublins, hemoglobin insulin
Term
primary structure
Definition
amino acid sequence w/ peptide bond
hydrolyzed at 110C for 24 hours
separated by cation-exchange chromatography

Sequence Deter
Edman Degradation
DNA sequencer
Term
secondary
Definition
alpha helix,beta-pleated sheet or bend.
Term
alpha-helix
Definition
formed by right hand coiling
side chains extend outward
form H-bonds
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