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| What shape are cocci bacteria? |
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| What shape are bacilli bacteria? |
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| What is the third bacterial shape following cocci and bacilli? |
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Term
How do prokaryotes compare in size, complexity, and age to eukaryotes? (See prokaryote vs. eukaryote flash cards) |
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Definition
| Prokaryotes are smaller, simpler, and more ancient |
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Term
| What structure carries the genetic information of a prokaryote? |
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Definition
| A nucleoid (single, long, circular piece of DNA) |
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| Where do most metabolic functions take place in prokaryotes? |
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| What structure in bacterial cells contains peptidoglycan and helps to prevent osmotic lysis? |
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| How are nutrients and wastes transported in and out of the cell? |
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| What are the three basic methods of transport across the plasma membrane of bacterial cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic)? |
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Definition
simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport
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| What bacterial "resting cells" are the toughest biological particles? |
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| Some bacteria are mobile via their own propulsion. What structures provide this propulsion (motility)? |
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Definition
| Flagella or axial filaments |
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Term
| What structure may help a bacterium cause disease (it is a "virulence factor")? |
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Definition
| The glycocalyx (capsule or slime layer) |
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Term
| What two structures can help prokaryotic bacteria attach to other prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells? |
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Definition
Pili and Fimbriae (singular of pili is pilus) |
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Definition
Capsule This layer is referred to as the glycocalyx If the material of the glycocalyx is loose/disorganized, then it may be referred to as the slime layer |
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| Are plasmids necessary to prokaryotic cell reprodution? |
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Definition
No Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that replicate independently of the chromosome (of the cell) |
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