Term
|
Definition
| A measure of the extent to which a system achieves its goals; it can be computed by dividing the goals actually achieved by the total of the stated goals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An organized collection of facts and information, typically consisting of 2 or more related data files |
|
|
Term
Database management system (DBMS):
Definition |
|
Definition
| A group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and the user of the database and other application programs. |
|
|
Term
Database management system (DBMS):
features |
|
Definition
• Usually purchased from database company
• Provides single point of mgmt & cntl over data resources
• Critical to maintaining integrity and security of the data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Software and hardware that protect a computer system or network from outside attacks to avoid viruses and prevent unauthorized people from gaining access to your computer system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The physical components of a computer that perform the input, processing, storage, and output activities of the computer. |
|
|
Term
| Information systems literacy |
|
Definition
Knowledge of how data and information are used by individuals, groups, and organizations.
How and why technology is applied in business |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involves creating or acquiring the various system components (hardware, software, databases, etc.) defined in the design step (system design), assembling them and putting the new system into operation. Followed by systems maintenance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any business-related exchange, such as payments to employees, sales to customers, and payments to suppliers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The simulation of a real or imagined environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions. Can include applications that are not fully immersive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A series of activities that includes inbound logistics, warehouse and storage, production, finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Helps determine what supplies are required for the value chain, what quantities are needed to meet customer demand, how the supplies should be processed (manufactured) into finished goods and services, and how the shipment of supplies and products to customers should be scheduled, monitored, and controlled. |
|
|
Term
Virtual organizational structure:
definition |
|
Definition
| A structure that uses individuals, groups, or complete business units in geographically dispersed areas; these groups can last for a few weeks or years, often requiring telecommunications and the internet. |
|
|
Term
Virtual organizational structure:
allows for... |
|
Definition
| Allows for collaborative work, in which managers and employees can effectively work in groups, even those composed of members from around the world. |
|
|
Term
Virtual organizational structure:
successful.... |
|
Definition
| One successful strategy is to have in-house employees concentrate on the firm’s core businesses and use virtual employees, groups, or businesses to do other business tasks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contracting with outside professional services to meet specific business needs. |
|
|
Term
| On-demand computing: definition |
|
Definition
| Contracting for computer resources to rapidly respond to an organization’s varying workflow. Also called _______ business and utility computing. |
|
|
Term
On-demand computing:
features |
|
Definition
• Extension of outsourcing approach
• Pay for service when needed, save money
•Leaves an organization’s IS to better focus on strategic issues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
•Part of the strategic planning for gaining the competitive advantage.
•Delivering the lowest possible cost for products and services.
• Often achieved by reducing the costs of raw materials through aggressive negotiations with suppliers, becoming more efficient with production and manufacturing processes, and reducing warehousing and shipping costs.
•Some companies use outsourcing |
|
|
Term
| Information service unit: |
|
Definition
| A miniature IS department attached and directly reporting to a functional area in a large organization. Even though this unit is usually staffed by IS professionals, the project assignments and the resources necessary to accomplish these projects are provided by the functional area to which it reports. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The part of the computer that consists of three associated elements: the arithmetic/logic unit, the control unit, and the register areas.
Acts with primary storage as an interplay to process (manipulate & organize) data. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of the CPU that performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Converting human-readable data into a machine-readable form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Text that describes a software program’s functions to help the user operate the computer system.
•On screen or online
•End-user license agreements (EULAs) |
|
|
Term
| Instruction time (I-time): |
|
Definition
| The time it takes to perform the fetch-instruction and decode-instruction steps of the instruction phase. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The simultaneous execution of two or more instructions at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| Multicore microprocessor: |
|
Definition
| A microprocessor that combines two or more independent processors into a single computer so that they can share the workload and improve processing capacity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A storage device for less frequently needed data so that it appears to be stored entirely on tape cartridges, although some parts of it might actually be located on faster hard disks.
Can be used with sophisticated storage-management system that moves data to slower but less costly forms of storage media as people use the data less often. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
•Decrease data access time
•Lower the total cost of ownership,
•Reduce the amount of floor space consumed by tape operations |
|
|
