Details Title: Principles of Archeology Description: Vocab for ch. 1,4, 5 and 6 of Price's book. Total Flash Cards: 40 Created: 02/17/2009 13:15:58		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Archaeology Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term archaeology Definition the study of our human past, combining the themes of time and change, using the material remains that have survived Term biological anthropology Definition the study of the biological nature of our nearest relatives and ourselves Term cultural (social0 anthropology Definition the study of living poeples with a focus on the shared aspects of the human experience Term linguistics Definition the study of human languages Term anthropological archaeology Definition Archeological investigations that seek to answer the larger, fundamental questions about humans and human behavior taught in departments of anthropology Term prehistory Definition the time in the past before written history, often synonymous with archaeology Term historical archaeology Definition refers primarily to the archaeology of the civilizations of the recent industrial era, since 1700 or so Term classical archaeology Definition a branch of archaeology primarily concerened with the literate mediterranean civilizations of greece and rome Term Cultural Resource Management (CRM) Definition historical preservation in the US involves survey and excavation to determine that historical and cultural resources are not being destroyed by development and construction Term pseudoscience Definition false or misleading claims about the nature of the world or the past, masquerading as science Term theory Definition a generally accepted explanation of observed events or relationships Term punctuated equalibrium Definition abrupt and sudden changes in the pace of evolution Term START CH 4 Definition Term experimental archaeology Definition modern experiments to reproduce artifacts, architecture and or techniques from the past Term research design Definition the overal strategy of intended methods, research area, and planned analysis for answering a question or questions about the past Term ethnoarcheaology Definition archaeological study of living societies for information to help better understand the past Term culture Definition a means of human adaptation based on intelligence, experience, learning, and the use of tools; the general set of behaviors and knowledge that humans use to survive and adapt Term archaeological culture Definition a group of related materials from a region that indicate a common or shared way of doing things Term demography Definition the study of human pops with a focus on size, age and sex distribution, birth and death rates, and migration. Prehistoric demography is also known as paleodemography Term environment Definition the natural and social milieu in which human societies operate Term technology Definition the material, equipment, techniques, and knowledge that allow humans to convert natural resources into tools, food, clothing, shelter and other products they need or want Term economy Definition the means and methods that society uses to obtain food, water, and resources for maintenance and growth Term organization Definition structure and intraction in human society, iincluding relationships among individuals, groups, and other societies Term ideology Definition the explanation of human, natural and supernatural relationships through belief, rituual and ceremony Term population Definition 1. all of the people living at a place or in a region. An archaeological poop generally refers to the people related through membership in the same group 2. All of the items or units of interest in statistical sampling Term burial population Definition the set of human remains found interred in a site or cemetary Term population density Definition the number of people per unit of area Term home range Definition the geographic area an animal uses for feeding and other activities; in archaeology, the term generally refers to the area used by mobile hunter gatherers Term territory Definition a recognized and defended area utilized by a group or society, often associated with agricultural societies Term country Definition a sovereign region, marked by boundaries and defended by military power, usually associated with state-level societies Term empire Definition large sovereign space, expanded by military conquest and encompassing several countries and/or territories, associated with state level societies Term shaduf Definition a manual water hoist used for irrigation in ancient egypt Term saqia Definition a oxen powe3red water wheel used for irrigation in ancient egypt Term invention Definition the creation or development of new ideas or techniques for solving pro9blems Term diffusion Definition thee spread of new ideas or materials from one group to another Term migration Definition movement of new people into an area Term subsistence Definition the activities and materials that people use to obtain food Term hunter-gatherers Definition people who obtain their food from wild plants and animals, not domesticated species Term foragers Definition nonfarmers; groups who subsist by hunting, colecting, fishing and the like without domesticated plants or animals Term exchange Definition transfer of material or information among individuals or groups