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Prehospital pharmacology
Drug reference: class, dosage, actions
29
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
09/03/2009

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Adenosine
Definition

Brand Name: Adenocard

Class: Antidysrhythmic

Use: PSVT conversion

Dosage: 6mg (initial) 12mg x2 (subsequent)

Term
Amiodarone
Definition

Class: Antidysrhythmic

Use: VF/pulseless VT & VT w/ pulse

Dosage: VF/Pulseless VT- 300 mg IV/IO Bolus VT w/ Pulse- 150 mg mixed in 100 ml NS I IV/IO infusion

Term
Atropine
Definition

Class: Anticholinergic, Antidysrhythmic

Use: Bradycardia & Asystole/PEA

Dosage: Asystole/PEA- 1.0 mg IV/IO q3-5min, max 3.0 mg Bradycardia-0.5 mg IV/IO q3-5 min, max 3.0 mg

Term
Diazepam
Definition

Brand Name: Valium

Class: Benzodiazepine

Use: Precardioversion/Status Epilepticus

Dosage: Precardioversion- 5-15 mg IV 5-10 min before cardioversion

Term
Diltiazem
Definition

Brand Name: Cardizem

Class: calcium channel blocker, Antidysrhythmic

Use: A-fib/A-flutter/PSVT conversionc

Dosage: 0.25 mg/kg IV over 2 minutes

Term
Diphenhydramine
Definition

Brand Name: Benadryl

Class: Antihistamine

Use: Anaphylaxis

Dosage: 25-50 mg IV

Term
Dolasetron
Definition

Brand Name: Anzemet

Class: Antiemetic

Use: Nausea

Dosage: 12.5 mg IV Bolus

Term
Dopamine
Definition

 

Class: Adrenergic

A. 1 to 2 micrograms/km/min — dilates renal and mesenteric blood vessels (no effect on heart rate or blood pressure).

B. 2 to 10 micrograms/km/min — beta effects on heart which usually increase cardiac output without increasing heart rate or blood pressure.

C. 10 to 20 micrograms/km/min — alpha peripheral effects cause peripheral vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.

D. 20 to 40 micrograms/km/min — alpha effects reverse dilatation of renal and mesenteric vessels with resultant decreased flow.

 

Term
Epinephrine
Definition

Class: Vasopressor, Bronchodilator nonselective adrenergic agonist

Uses: Cardiac Arrest, anaphylaxis

Dosage: Cardiac arrest- 1 mg IV/IO q3-5 min.

Anaphylaxis- 0.3 mg 1:1000 SQ/IM or 0.3 mg 1:10,000 IV

 

Term
Etomidate
Definition

Brand Name: Amidate

Class: General Anesthetic

Uses: Induction of general anesthesia

Dosage: 0.3 mg/kg IV push

Term
Fentanyl
Definition

Class: Synthetic Opioid Analgesic

Uses: Isolated extremity fractures, burns, chest pain

Dosage: 50 mcg IV, subsequent 50 mcg max 500 or 100 mcg IM

Term
Furosemide
Definition

Brand Name: Lasix

Class: Loop Diuretic

Uses: Acute pulmonary edema

Dosage: 40 mg (or double the pt's daily dose) slow IV push max 100 mg

Term
Glucagon
Definition

Class: Antihypoglycemic

Uses: Hypoglycemia

Dosage: 1.0 mg IM 

Term
Lidocaine
Definition

Brand Name: Xylocaine

Class: Antidysrhythmic

Uses: PVC's, stable VT, recurrent VF

Dosage: bolus-1.5 mg/kg (3 mg/kg max) IV bolus. Maintenance- 0.75 mg/kg q 10 min

Term
Lorazepam
Definition

Brand Name: Ativan

Class: Sedative, hypnotic, antianxiety

Uses: Status Epilepticus, anxiety

Dosage: 2-4 mg slow IV push q 3-5 min

Term
Magnesium Sulfate
Definition

Class: Anticonvulsant

Uses: Asthma, refractory VF, torsades de pointes

Dosage: Asthma- 2 g IV over 5 min, 2 g diluted in 10 ml of NS IV 

Term
Methylprednisolone
Definition

Brand Name: Solu-medrol

Class: synthetic corticosteroid

Uses: Asthma, COPD

Dosages: 125 mg slow IV/IO over 1-2 min

Term
Metoprolol
Definition

Brand Name: Lopressor

Class: Antihypertensive, antianginal

Uses: Hypertension, HR control in Afib/flutter w/o accessory pathway

Dosage: HR control-2.5-5 mg IV over 2 min

Term
Midazolam
Definition

Brand Name: Versed

Class: sedative, hypnotic, antianxiety. Chem: benzodiazepine

Uses: sedation for RSI, seizures, precardioversion

Dosage: precardioversion- 2.0-10 mg slow IV push, seizure- 2-5 mg IM, Intubation- 2-10 mg IV

 

Term
Morphine
Definition

Class: Opioid analgesic

Uses: isolated extremity fractures, burns, chest pain, pulmonary edema

Dosage: Chest pain- 4.0 mg IV, pulmonary edema- 2-10 mg IV, Burn- 4-10 mg IV q 5 min max 40 mg or 10 mg IM once.

Term
Naloxone
Definition

Brand Name: Narcan

Class: Opioid antagonist

Uses: Opioid overdose

Dosage: ??? 0.4 mg IV q 2-3 min (mosby), 1-4 mg IV/IM bolus (yakima)

Term
Nitroglycerin
Definition

Class: Coronary vasodilator, antianginal

Uses: Chest pain

Dosages: 1 spray sublingually q 5 min up to 3 doses

Term
Oxytocin
Definition

Brand Name: pitocin

Class: hormone

Uses: post partum hemorrhage

Dosages: 10-40 units in 1000 ml of NS at TKO rate

 

Term
Promethazine
Definition

Brand Name: Phenergan

Class: Antihistamine

Uses: Nausea

Dosages: 6.25-12.5 mg IV

Term
Sodium Bicarbonate
Definition

Class: Alkalinizer

Uses: prolonged cardiac arrest downtime

Dosage: 1 mEq/kg IV bolus

 

 

 

Term
Succinylcholine
Definition

Class: neuromuscular blocker, paralytic

Uses: facilitation of ET intubation

Dosages: 1.0-1.5 mg/kg IV push max 150 mg; maintenance- 0.04-0.07 mg/kg q 5-10 min prn

Term
Thiamine
Definition

Class: vitamin B1

Uses: Alcohol abuse or malnutrition

Dosage: 100 mg IV bolus

Term
Vasopressin
Definition

Class: Pituitary hormone

Uses: VF, Pulseless VT

Dosages: 40 units IV/IO

Term
Vecuronium
Definition

Class: Neuromuscular blocker, paralytic

Uses: facilitation of ET intubation

Dosages: 0.1 mg/kg IV push or 0.04-0.06 mg/kg IV push if given with Succinylcholine

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