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Systematics to plants
88
Biology
Undergraduate 2
09/29/2022

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Term
Systematics
Definition
science of determining organisms evolutionary origins both living and extinct
Term
Taxonomy
Definition
study of classifying organisms and naming them
Term
Binomial Nominclature
Definition
a two name system for naming every species
ex. Homo sapiens
Term
Linnean Hierarchy (taxomic categories)
Definition
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Term
Most inclusive and Least inclusive
Definition
Domain and Species
Term
Phylogenetic
Definition
way of determine how organisms relate to each other
Term
Cladistics
Definition
produces cladogram, type of phylogenetic
Term
dichotomous Key
Definition
method for helping to identify an organism by using a system of successive choices
Term
Proykarotic Cells/Bacteria
Definition
no nucleus, wide range of feeding strategies
Term
Bacteria feeding strategies
Definition
Auto: chemotroph, phototrophic
Hetero: Saprobes, consumers, decomposers
Pathogenetic
Term
Cyanobacteria
Definition
Photoautotrophic ,unicellular+ colonial few multicell protist, no defining feature,
Term
Algae
Definition
photosynthetic protist, Green Algae chlorophyll a + b
Term
Diatoms
Definition
cell walls contain silica
Term
Brown Algae
Definition
Majority of Seaweed
Term
Fungi
Definition
Eukaryotic, multi-celled organisms, immobile
Term
Fungal feeding styles
Definition
Saprophobic (decomposers), Pathogenic, Parasitic
Term
Extracellular digestion
Definition
secrete digestive enzyme outside the body of the cell
Term
Hyphae
Definition
filamentous structure, increase surface area
Term
Mycelium
Definition
collection of hyphae
Term
chitin
Definition
cell wall
Term
Phylum Zygomycta
Definition
haploid, diploid during sexual reproduction. Asexual via sprangiophores association with plant roots, call mycorrhiza
Term
Lichen
Definition
fungi that developed a symbiotic relationship with algae and cyanobacteria
Term
Phylum Basidiomycota
Definition
Reprodution structure called Basidocrap (basic mushrooms in store
Term
Plants
Definition
evolve from green algae
Term
Phases of Reproduction
Definition
Sporophyte and Gametophyte
Term
Sporophyte
Definition
diploid, goes through meiosis produces haploid spores, main reproduction for most plants
Term
Gametophyte
Definition
haploid, mitosis to produce gametes, only in Bryophytes and Hepatophytes
Term
Seedless Vascular Plants
Definition
sporophyte dominate phase, vascular tissue, has stems leaves and rhizome (underground stems)
Term
Phylum's of Seedless Vascular Plants
Definition
Pterophyte
Lycophytes
Sephenophyta
Psilophyta
Term
Pollen Grains
Definition
males are able to disperse without water
Term
Seeds
Definition
allow sporophytes embryo to stay domain until right conditions
Term
Gymnosperms
Definition
two cones staminate- produce pollen
ovulate- produces ova
Term
Types of Gymnosperms
Definition
Coniferophyta
Cycadophyta
Ginkophyta
Term
Angiosperms
Definition
most dominate type of plant today attracts pollinators
Term
Types of Angiosperms
Definition
Monocots
Dicots
Term
Dicots
Definition
Multiples of 4-5 petals
taproot
vascular bundles in a ring
different layers of mesophyll cells
Term
Monocots
Definition
petals in multiples of 3
scattered vascular bundles
fibrous root systems
leaves uniform throughout
Term
Double fertilization
Definition
1 nucleus of the pollen grain fertilizes the ovum and produces the zygote then another nucleus of pollen fertilize with two fertile nuclei
Term
Definition
[image]
Term
bacillus (bars)
Definition
[image]
Term
coccus (circles)
Definition
[image]
Term
spirillum(squiggles)
Definition
[image]
Term
Anabaena cylindrica
Definition
[image]
Term
Oscillatoria, Eubacteria, Cyanobacteria
Definition
[image]
Term
Amoeba proteus
Definition
[image]
Term
Paramecium Conjugation
Definition
[image]
Term
Paramecium
Definition
[image]
Term
Euglena viridis
Definition
[image]
Term
Dinoflagellates
Definition
[image]
Term
Brown Algae
Definition
[image]
Term
Rhizopus Sporangia
Definition
[image]
Term
Peziza Ascocarp
asci with ascospores
Definition
[image][image]
Term
warted ascospores
Definition
[image]
Term
aspergillus fumigatus
Definition
[image]
Term
Penicillium spores
Definition
[image]
Term
Basidiomycota
Definition
[image]
Term
Reproductions of Basidiomycete
Definition
[image]
Term
Foliose
Definition
[image]
Term
Crustose
Definition
[image]
Term
Fruticose
Definition
[image]
Term
Common Liverwort
Definition
[image]
Term
Antheridia
Definition
[image]
Term
Archegonia
Definition
[image]
Term
Gametophyte Branch with Archegonia
Definition
[image]
Term
Lycophyte
Definition
[image]
Term
non vascular plant reproduction
Definition
[image]
Term
Lycophyte
Definition
[image]
Term
Psilophyta
Definition
[image]
Term
Equisetum arvense, the field horsetail
Definition
[image]
Term
Fern Reproduction and Life cycle
Definition
[image]
Term
fern sorus
small dots sori
Definition
[image]
Term
sporangia
Definition
[image]
Term
Fern Gametophyte (Prothallus) dissection
Definition
[image]
Term
Fiddlehead
Definition
[image]
Term
Outer Circles- Wings
red Cell- Tube Cell
Outer membrane of lower circle- Generative
Definition
[image]
Term
Staminate (Male) Cones
Definition
[image]
Term
Staminate (Male pine cone) Cones dissections
Definition
[image]
Term
Ovulate (Female) Cones
Definition
[image]
Term
Ovulate (Female) Cross examined
Definition
[image]
Term
Gymnosperm life cycle
Definition
[image]
Term
Ginko biloba (Ginkophyte)
Definition
[image]
Term
Monocots vs Dicots
Definition
Monocots- scattered vascular bundles in stem, Roots are fibrous, leaves are uniform throughout, petals in multiples of 3

Dicots- leaf has different layers of mesophyll cells, Root is Taproot, vascular bundle is in a ring, petals in multiples of 4-5
Term
Shoot system and root system division and functions
Definition
[image]
Term
Xylem and Phloem functions
Definition
[image]
Term
Leaf Division
Definition
[image]
Term
Leaf Tissue Anatomy
Definition
[image]
Term
angiosperm reproduction cycle
Definition
[image]
Term
Parts of a Flower
Definition
[image]
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