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practical 3
frog, fish, chordates
48
Biology
Undergraduate 1
04/20/2009

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Cards

Term
frog skin
Definition

stratified squamous epithelium,

mucous glands (smaller, white),

chromatophors (just under skin),

poison glands (red)

Term
4 tissue types
Definition

epithelium- covering and linings

connective tissue- matrix, structural

muscle- contractile

nervous- neurons, AP

Term
human skin
Definition
cornified cells with keratin, waterproofs and toughens, difficult to recieve oyxgen and water so lots of dead cells
Term
dermal layer
Definition

connective tissue,

collagen hair follicles w/ muscle

sebaceous gland- sebum, oil

sweat glands- deeper, coiled

beneath dermis- adipose tissue large fat storing vacuoles.

Term
labeling the frog - alive
Definition

belly- ventral

back- dorsal

butt- posterior,caudal

external nares

face- anterior cephalic

Term
cloaca
Definition
opening of digestive and urogenital
Term
benefits of endoskeleton
Definition
lighter, allows us to become bigger
Term
bones!
Definition
like the one in your pants? no.
Term
mature bone cell
Definition
osteocyte surrounded by a matrix of collagen impregnated with calcium salt
Term
hydroxyapatite
Definition
calcium salt in bones
Term
osteocytes arranged in
Definition
concentric rings that form cylinders called haversian canals through which blood vessels and nerves run
Term
lamella
Definition
layer of bone between canals
Term
lacuna
Definition
space occupied a small space within the matrix
Term
hair like extension from each lacuna
Definition
canaliculi (small canal)
Term
vertebrate skeleton
Definition

axial- skull, ribs, sternum, column

appendicular- pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and limbs

Term
peristalsis
Definition
circular and longitudinal muscles
Term
frog heart
Definition

pericardial membrane

2 atria and 1 ventricle

conus arteriosus

 

Term
sac filled with coagulated blood
Definition
sinus venosus
Term
anterior vena cava
Definition
blood returning from the head and anterior part of the body enter the sinus venousus via these
Term
posterior vena cava
Definition
blood from the posterior part of the body enters via this single vein
Term
intestine
Definition
folds called vili
Term
villi covered with
Definition
simple columnar epithelium
Term
cavity of intestine
Definition
lumen
Term
microscopic folds on villi
Definition
microvili
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
intercalated discs with nuclei
Term
spleen
Definition
make new blood cells and break down old
Term
urogenital system
Definition
consists of excretory and reproductive organs
Term
parietal peritoneum
Definition
lines the body cavity
Term
kidneys
Definition
water balance and eliminate toxins
Term
ureter
Definition
carries urine to the bladder
Term
attatched to ovaries
Definition
fat bodies
Term
neural processes
Definition
dendrites and axons
Term
provide support, nutrition, and protection for the nuerons
Definition
neuroglial cells
Term
valves in
Definition
veins
Term
morula
Definition
solid ball of cells after cleavage
Term
blastula
Definition

hollow morula

blastocoel inside

Term
vegetal pole and animal pole
Definition

vegetal-thicker, macromeres

animal-thinner, micromers

Term
invaginate
Definition

on vegetal side, creating the archenteron (gut)

gives rise to two layered embryo called the gastrula

Term
ectoderm
Definition
outside
Term
blastopore
Definition
first is the anus, second is mouth
Term
deuterosomes
Definition
second opening is the mouth
Term
larval stage
Definition
bipinnaria
Term
ampulla
Definition
control extension and retraction of the tube feet and are used for locomotion and nomming
Term
sea stars
Definition
asteroidea
Term
sea lillies
Definition
crinoidea
Term
sea urchin
Definition
echinoidea
Term
sea cucumbers
Definition
holothuroidea
Term
brittle stars
Definition
ophiuroidea
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