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Positioning Exam #3
Shoulder Girdle
64
Medical
Undergraduate 1
06/20/2015

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Cards

Term
Patients often arrive in the radiology department with trauma to the shoulder. Which of the following positions is the most common for x-ray examination of the shoulder on these patients?
Definition
upright
Term
The respiration phase for an AP projection of the shoulder should be
Definition
supinated
Term
PA oblique projection of the shoulder (scapular Y) is performed to evaluate:
Definition
dislocation
Term
How many degrees is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection (Grashey method) of the shoulder joint?
Definition
35 to 45 degrees toward the affected side
Term
Which of the following projections clearly demonstrates the glenoid cavity?
Definition
AP oblique (Grashey)
Term
The clavicle is classified as a(n):
Definition
long bone
Term
What is the central-ray angulation for the AP oblique projection (Grashey method) of the shoulder joint?
Definition
0 degrees
Term
For an AP projection of the scapula, the IR size and its position should be:
Definition
24x30 cm LW
Term
Which of the following projections can be used to demonstrate the clavicle?
1.) AP or PA
2.) AP axial
3.) PA axial
Definition
1,2 and 3
Term
How far above the humeral head should the upper margin of the IR be placed for a lateral projection of the humerus
Definition
1 1/2 inches
Term
The AP projection of the AC joints places the joints at an increased OID. Which of the following is the recommended SID to compensate for this distance?
Definition
72 inches
Term
Which of the following breathing techniques should be used for a lateral projection of the humerus?
Definition
suspended respiration
Term
For an AP projection of the clavicle, the IR should be centered to the level of the:
Definition
coracoid process
Term
Which of the following is the most common position to place the patient in for a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus?
Definition
upright
Term
How should the central ray be angled for the AP projection (Pearson method) of the AC joints?
Definition
0 degrees
Term
For a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus, lung detail may be blurred to better visualize the humerus. Which of the following techniques can be used to blur the lung structures?
Definition
3 seconds
Term
Which of the following bones connects the upper limb to the trunk?
1.) clavicle
2.) scapula
3.) humerus
Definition
1 and 2
Term
Two exposures are commonly made of the AC joints—one without weights and one with weights. How are the weights applied?
Definition
affixed to the wrists
Term
The scapulohumeral articulation is classified as a:
Definition
synovial joint, ball and socket type
Term
What is the central-ray angle for the PA oblique projection (scapular Y) of the shoulder joint?
Definition
0 degrees
Term
Rotating the arm medially for a lateral projection of the humerus will place the epicondyles:
Definition
perpendicular with the plane of the IR
Term
The most common position used for performing an AP humerus radiograph is:
Definition
standing
Term
Which of the following positions of the humerus are commonly used when performing an AP projection of the shoulder?
1.) external rotation
2.) neutral rotation
3.) internal rotation
Definition
1,2 and 3
Term
If the patient places the back of the hand against the hip, the humerus will be in:
Definition
internal rotation
Term
Which of the following breathing techniques should be used for an AP projection of the humerus?
Definition
suspended respiration
Term
For an AP projection of the shoulder, the central ray should be directed:
Definition
perpendicular to the IR
Term
If a breathing technique cannot be used for the transthoracic lateral projection of the shoulder, the exposure should be made using:
Definition
full inspiration
Term
How far above the humeral head should the upper margin of the IR be placed for an AP humerus?
Definition
1 1/2 inches
Term
The central-ray angle for an AP axial projection of the clavicle when performed on a patient in the supine position is:
Definition
15 to 30 degrees
Term
How many pounds of weight should be affixed to each wrist for the AP projection of the AC joint?
Definition
5 to 8 lbs
Term
For the PA oblique projection (scapular Y) of the shoulder, the body is rotated so that the midcoronal plane is how many degrees from the IR?
Definition
45 to 60 degrees
Term
Which position of the hand will place the humerus in external rotation?
Definition
supine
Term
Where should the center of the IR be positioned for a lateral projection of the shoulder?
Definition
surgical neck
Term
For an AP projection of the shoulder, the central ray should enter:
Definition
1 inch inferior to the coracoid process
Term
Where is the central ray directed for a lateral projection of the humerus
Definition
midpoint of the humerus
Term
Which position of the hand will place the humerus in internal rotation?
Definition
back of the hand against the thigh
Term
The respiration phase for an AP projection of the scapula to blurr out the lungs and ribs is:
Definition
shallow breathing
Term
Which of the following will be directly superimposed over the junction of the "Y" on the PA oblique (scapular Y) projection?
Definition
humeral head
Term
How is the arm positioned for an AP scapula?
Definition
abducted 90 degrees, flexed forearm
Term
How much is the body rotated for a lateral projection of the shoulder?
Definition
45 to 60 degrees
Term
For a transthoracic lateral projection, the proximal humerus should be projected:
Definition
between the vetebral column and the sternum
Term
Which of the following must be clearly demonstrated on an AP projection of the humerus?
1.) elbow joint
2.) glenoid cavity
3.) shoulder joint
Definition
1 and 3
Term
The IR size commonly used for an AP projection of the shoulder is:
Definition
10x12 inch
Term
If a breathing technique cannot be used for the transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus, the exposure should be made using:
Definition
full inspiration
Term
If the patient can be positioned properly, the central-ray angle for the transthoracic lateral projection of the shoulder is:
Definition
0 degrees
Term
For the lateral projection of the scapula, the body is placed in which position?
Definition
RAO or LAO
Term
If the patient places the palm of the hand against the thigh, the humerus will be in:
Definition
neutral position
Term
The PA oblique projection of the shoulder joint (scapular Y) is performed in which of the following positions?
Definition
RAO or LAO
Term
Which of the following bones makes up the shoulder girdle?
1.) humerus
2.) scapula
3.) clavicle
Definition
2 and 3
Term
If the patient can be positioned properly, the central-ray angle for the transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus is:
Definition
0 degrees
Term
When the arm cannot be rotated or abducted due to injury, which of the following methods can be used to perform a lateral projection of the shoulder?
Definition
Lawrence
Term
For delineation of the acromion and coracoid processes of the scapula in the lateral projection, the arm is positioned as follows:
Definition
extend the arm upward and rest the forearm on the head
Term
All of the joints of the shoulder girdle are:
Definition
synovial, freely moveable
Term
The area of the proximal humerus located directly below the tubercles, which is the site of many fractures, is called the:
Definition
surgical neck
Term
The scapula is classified as a(n):
Definition
flat bone
Term
Where is the central ray directed for an AP projection of the humerus?
Definition
midpoint of the humerus
Term
The small, synovial fluid-filled sacs, which relieve pressure and reduce friction in joint tissues, are called:
Definition
bursae
Term
The central-ray angulation for a lateral scapula is
Definition
0 degrees
Term
Which position of the hand will place the humerus in neutral position?
Definition
palm against the thigh
Term
Which of the following positions is most common to perform a lateral projection of the humerus on a patient who has a suspected fracture?
Definition
standing
Term
For a transthoracic lateral projection of the shoulder, lung detail may be blurred to better visualize the shoulder area. Which exposure time is recommended to blur the lung structures?
Definition
minimum of 3 seconds
Term
Which of the following must be clearly demonstrated on a lateral projection of the humerus?
1.) glenoid cavity
2.) elbow joint
3.) shoulder joint
Definition
2 and 3
Term
What position should the hand be placed in for the AP projection of the humerus?
Definition
supine
Term
Where should the center of the IR be positioned for a transthoracic lateral projection of the proximal humerus?
Definition
surgical neck
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