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The evolution of species over a long period of time
Decades/centuries
Whales loosing their legs
Worms and their backbones |
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Definition
| Evolution of species over a short period of time |
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Definition
| Darwin's book that stated populations have evolved |
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Definition
| Localized group of individuals of the same species |
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Definition
| A group of population whose individuals can breed and produce viable fertile offspring |
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Definition
all the genes in a population at any time
For diploids you have 2 copies of every gene |
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Term
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Definition
1. Population that is not evolving
2. Frequencies of alleles and phenotype remain constant through process of sexual recombination
3. Assume allele re-combination is random
4. Population is not evolving
5. Isolation from other pops
6. No net mutations
7. Random mating
8. No natural selection |
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Definition
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Definition
Gen-to-gen change in population's allele frequency
Evolution of a single gene |
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Term
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Definition
1. Genetic drift
*small population
*Founder effect (small group that founded a new population)
2. Gene Flow
Immigrating/migrating
3. Genetic Mutations
* Only way to get new alleles
4. Selective mating
* may lead to sexual dimorphism
5. Natural selection
* Generally adapts a population to its environment |
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Term
| Mutations and Sexual recombination |
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Definition
New alleles occur only through mutation
Passed on to future offspring through gametes
Sexual recombination can mask mutation |
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Based on chance and environment
Depends on specific habitat |
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Definition
Something changing in the environment favoring one specific phenotype
Shifts frequency curve for a phenotypic character in one direction favoring rare individuals |
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Definition
When enviornment conditions favor individuals at both extremes of phenotypic range over intermediate phenotypes
ex: big and small beaks but not medium |
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Definition
Favors intermediate variants and acts against extreme phenotypes
Reduces variation and maintains predominant phenotypes |
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Definition
| cannot make perfect organisms |
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