Term
| What would make a population structured? |
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Definition
| Geographical distances, behavioural factors |
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Term
| What effect does gene flow have on variation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the island model? |
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Definition
| One mainland, migration from mainland to islands |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple demes, migration between them |
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Term
| If Demes were put together for analysis, what would you see, and what would this be due to? |
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Definition
| Excess of homozygotes or deficiency of heterozygotes, Wahlund effect |
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Term
| How can you tell the Wahlund effect apart from inbreeding? |
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Definition
| Inbreeding should effect all loci equally, Wahlund will only effect some |
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Term
| What is the direct method of measuring gene flow? |
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Definition
| Following tagged individuals for estimates of migration |
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Term
| What is the indirect method of measuring gene flow? |
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Definition
| Use genetic markers and infer historic gene flow |
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Term
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Definition
The measure of allele frequence divergence between subpop inbreeding due to differentiation relative to total population
0=no differentiation
>0.2 = strong differentiation |
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Term
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Definition
Measure of departure from HW proportions within local subpops
0=none
positive=deficiency of heterozy
negative = excess of heterozygotes |
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Term
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Definition
measure of overall departure form HW prop in whole pop due to non-random mating within local pop (Fis) and allele freq divergence among subpops (Fst)
0 =no deviation
pos = deviation due to hetero deficient in TP
neg= due to excess of heteros in TP). |
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Term
| How can you estimate Fst? |
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Definition
Fst = var(p)/mean of p (1-mean of p)
The mean reduction in heterozygosity (H) of subpop is relative to the total pop and due to genetic drift among subpops so: Fst = Ht-Hs/Ht |
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Term
| How can heterozygote advantage maintain genetic variability? |
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Definition
| If it becomes too common, less heterozygotes, loses advantage |
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Term
| What are examples of frequency dependent selection where the rare morph has the advantage? |
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Definition
| Batesian mimicry, Plant self incompatibility, predator/prey? |
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Term
| What is an example of frequency dependent selection where the common morph has the advantage? |
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Definition
| Poisonous butterflies - more common morph has advantage, predators more likely to have already encountered it |
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Term
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Definition
| A strategy that no previously rare strategy can invade |
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