Antecedent Boundary

 Balkanization

when a boundary is given to a region before it is populated

 ______________________________

Refers to the contentious political process by which a state may break into smaller countries

Nationalism

Nation-State

The feeling that one's country should be internally cohesive and should have political autonomy.

_____________________________

Refers to a geographically-defined sovereign state composed of citizens with a common heritage, identity, and set of political goals.

Redistricting

 Relic Boundaries

Congressional discritcs are redrawn after every census to reflect changes in the population of various states

_________________________________________

A national border that no longer exists, but has left some imprint on the local culture or environmental geography

Buffer State

 Centrifugal Forces

occupy the spaces between two larger, potentially oppositional countries

 _______________________________

pull countries apart and include regionalism, ethnic strife

Rimland Theory

 Self-determination

The theory that the area surronding the heartland, was the most important for world political power

_________________________________________

 the right of a nation to govern itself autonomously and thus to determine its own destiny.

Centripetal Forces

 Colonialism

bind countries together and include strong national insitutions, and a sence of common history

 _____________________________

single most important global geopolitical phenomenon of the past 500 years

North American Free Trade Agreement

European Union (EU)

Exclaves

an example of a supranational organization.

_______________________________

Commonwealth of Independant States

 Compact State

confederacy made up of independant states of the former Soviet Union who have united becasue of their common economic and administrative needs  

 ______________________________

countries that have relatively round shapes

Federalism

Fragmented State

governments bestow autonomous powers upon their local territories rather than centrally controlling the entire country.

________________________________

a state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory.

Frontier

Geometric Boundaries

an area where borders are shifting and weak, and where peoples of different cultures  or nationalities meet and lay claim to the land.

_______________________________

straight lines that have little to do with the natural or cultural landscape, and some are marked with well-defined landmarks.

Geopolitics

Gerrymandering

theories that say that nations must expand their land base in order to maintain vibrancy.

______________________________

purposely drawing favor to one set of candidates over another.

Heartland Theory

Imperialism

developed by Sir Halford Makinder, says the great geographical "pivot" point of all human history was in northerna and central Asia (most populous land masses) and "he who rules the heartland, rules the world."

_____________________________

descibes a situation in which one country exerts cultural or economic dominance over another without the aid of official governement institutions.  

International Organization

Landlocked State

an alliance of two or more countries seeking cooperation with each other without giving up either's autonomy or self-determination.

________________________________

a state that is completely surrounded by other countries.

Law of the Sea

Lebensraum

has resolved disputes about boundary confusion caused by the world's oceans.

________________________________

based on a drive to acquire "living space" for the german people, based on the geopolitical theory.  

Microstate

Nation

A state that encompasses a very small land area.

______________________________

consists of a group of people with a common political identity.

Confederations

Domino Theory 

similar to international organizations in that they bring several automonous states together for a common purpose

some western leaders were concered that if communism caught on in a fewkey countries that they were in close promiximity to the sphere of Soviet Influence, then many others would fall in quick succession, topping the scales of world power in favor of communism 

east/west divide

electoral college

separated the largely geopolitical situation

consists of of a specific number of electors from each state, proportional to the states population

electoral vote

elongated state

 consists of the popularly elected representatives (electors) who formally elect the President and Vice President of the United States

streched thin. like the kid in willy wonka

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

North/South Divide

Countries join together for military prpose.  May require member states to allow other members to establish military bases within their territories and can be quite internationally significant.

___________________________________________

Describesthe division between the wealthy countries of Europe and North America (as well as Japan and Australia) and the generally poorer countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

Organic theory

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

Late 19th century Friedrich Ratzel proposed this theory of the evolution of nations, whaich was developed by the Swedish political scientist Rudolf Kjellen into the field of geopolitics.

_______________________________________

An internal economic organization whose member countries all have a single thing in common- producing and exporting oil.

Perforated State

Physical Boundary

Countries that completely surround other smaller states.

_____________________________

Follow important features in the natural landscape such as rivers or mountain ridges.

Political Geography

Popular Vote

One of the oldest fields in the discipline of human geography.

_____________________________

Includes all the votes cast in all the states.

Prorupted State

Reapportionment

A country with a long thin arm jutting out from the rest of its territory.

____________________________

Congressional districts redrawn after every census to reflect changes in the population of various states.

Rectangular State

Sovereignty

State

States' Rights

supreme or independent power in government.

______________________________________________

a country, may be composed of more than one nation.

______________________________________________

arose in the early days of the republic, divided the country during the Civil War

Subsequent Boundaries

Superimposed Boundaries

Suprational Organization

drawn after a population has established itself and respect existing spatioal patterns of certains social, cultural, and ethnic groups

_________________________________________________

drawn after a population has been settled in an area

_________________________________________________

similar to international organizations, but to some extent member nations must relinquish some level of state sovereignty.

Territorial Dispute

Territorial Organization

Theocracy

couldn't find it

_______________________________________________-

the division of land

________________________________________________

governments controlled through divine guidance or religious leadership

Unitary State

United Nations

states that give little or no autonomy to their local territories

______________________________________________

a global international organization , includes the world's autonomous states and is specifically focused on international peace and security