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| 1830) - The Webster-Hayne debate was over the sale of public land in the west. The debate was between Daniel Webster of Massachusetts and Robert Hayne of South Carolina in what became a classical argument over sectional issues. Hayne argued for states’ rights while Webster claimed states’ rights would leave to Civil War. States' rights (South) vs. nationalism (North). |
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| Phrase used in the early to mid-1800’s to morally justify expansionism. |
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| Helped establish one of the first American colonies in Texas. He went to Mexico to negotiate with the dictator, Santa Anna and was arrested. He was released in 1835 when he returned to Texas to command the army in the Texas Revolution. |
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| Dictator of Mexico who led the attack on the Alamo in 1836. He was later defeated by Sam Houston at San Jacinto. |
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| A Spanish mission near San Antonio where the besieged Texans held off the army of the Mexican general, Santa Anna for 13 days. Eventually all the Texans were killed by the Mexican soldiers. |
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| Near Houston, Texas, the location of the surprise attack by Sam Houston on the army of Santa Anna in 1836 only weeks after the Alamo. After the one-sided battle, Santa Ana signed an agreement granting Texas independence. |
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| In 1835, Houston permanently relocated to Texas. In 1836 he led the Texas army in the surprise attack of Santa Anna at San Jacinto. Later in the year he was elected president of the Republic of Texas. When Texas joined the Union in 1845, Houston served in the Senate for 14 years. |
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| Created March 1836 but not recognized until after the battle of San Jacinto. Texas joined the U.S. in 1845. |
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| Congressman Abraham Lincoln demanded an inquiry to locate the spot where American troops were fired upon, suspecting that they had illegally crossed into Mexican territory. |
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| The area north of California and from the Rockies to the Pacific. The Spanish, Russians, British, and Americans had claimed the area. |
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| Established the border of Oregon, which stretched from the Rockies to the Pacific. |
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| Nat Turner's Insurrection |
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| (1831) - Slave uprising in Virginia. Nat Turner led a group of slaves in a rebellion against the whites. Turner and 19 others were hanged. The rebellion led to a stricter enforcement of the laws against slaves and a greater fear of free blacks. |
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| Expression used by to indicate the economic dominance of the Southern cotton industry. |
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| Political party organized by antislavery men who ran on the platform of no slavery in the territories. |
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| Adventurers who moved to California in 1849 to look for gold during the great gold rush. |
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| California was to be added as a free state, but this would alter the balance of slave and free states in the Senate. Henry Clay proposed a set of bills to ensure the South would not lose its political power. Initially the bill was defeated by Senator Douglas suggested the various parts be offered separately. By breaking down the main ball all the components passed. The main parts involved California being added as a free state, the boundaries of Texas and New Mexico were settled, and New Mexico was made a territory with its residents to decide the issue of slavery later. |
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| Legislation favoring the slave states, which was passed as part of the compromise of 1850. The law now required runaway slaves to be returned and those that aided runaway slaves faced heavy fines. Also fugitives could not testify in their own defense. |
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| The idea that each state or territory had the right to decide it own laws. |
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| A time of violence between the proslavery and the antislavery groups that was fought in Kansas territory before the Civil War. The violence followed the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854). |
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| (1859) – Abolitionist John Brown led a small band of followers to capture the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry. His hope was that the slaves would rise in rebellion and free themselves. The raid went wrong and Brown was captured, put on trial, and executed. |
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| (1856) – John Brown and four of his sons and three other men attacked the proslavery settlement at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas. They pulled five men from their houses and hacked them to death. The murders set of a virtual guerrilla war in the state. |
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| (1856) - Senator Andrew Brooks of South Carolina beat Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts over the head with his cane after Sumner gave a speech attacking the South. |
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| (1857) – A pro-slavery constitution for Kansas intended to resolve the issue of bleeding Kansas. The pro-slavery element drafted a Constitution that allowed slavery. If slavery was prohibited the slaves in the state would remain enslaved. |
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