Term
| What are some causes of brain damage? |
|
Definition
Tumor
Toxic substances
Degenerative diseases
Penetrating head injury
closed head injury
Stroke/cerebrovascular accident
Traumatic Brain injruy
|
|
|
Term
| What is traumatic brain injury? |
|
Definition
| Blow or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury that disrupts the function of the brain |
|
|
Term
| What groups are especially at risk for suffering from traumatic brain injury? |
|
Definition
Males
children and adolescents
members of the armed forces |
|
|
Term
| What is epidural hematoma? |
|
Definition
(On top)
Between skull and dura matter (tough matter), often from traumatic skull injury |
|
|
Term
| What is subdural hematoma? |
|
Definition
(beneath dura)
Between dura and arachoid matter
Caused by tearing of vertabral vein, blow to the head, rapid acceleration/deceleration (shaken baby syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between an ischemic and hemorrogic stroke? |
|
Definition
Ischemic- clot blocks artery
Hemorragic- artery ruptures |
|
|
Term
| In both cases of strokes, what causes cell death? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some potentially helpful treatment options for a stroke? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The decreased activity of surviving neurons after other neurons are damaged |
|
|
Term
| What stimulant drugs are helpful in preventing diaschisis? |
|
Definition
| Amphetamine and haloperidol |
|
|
Term
| What blocks axon regrowth in the CNS? |
|
Definition
| Scar tissue (mechanical barrier + chemical secretion that blocks axon regrowth) |
|
|
Term
| What assists axon regrowth in the CNS? |
|
Definition
| Myelin path/ schwann cells |
|
|
Term
| How do phantom sensations arise? |
|
Definition
| Neuron is denervated-> secretes neurotrophins to recruit new axons and fill vacant synapses. |
|
|
