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Plants
Chapter 2
36
Science
4th Grade
09/20/2012

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Cards

Term
three things plants need to make food
Definition

water

sunlight

carbon dioxide

Term
photosynthesis
Definition
the process of plants making food (sugar)
Term
carbon dioxide + water + sunlight =
Definition

sugar

(food)

Term
two waste products of photosynthesis
Definition

water

oxygen

Term
chloroplasts
Definition

part of the plant cell found in leaves;

where photosynthesis takes place

Term
chlorophyll
Definition

inside chloroplasts;

makes plants green;

captures sun's energy

Term
stomata
Definition

tiny holes in underside of leaves;

act as windows;

lets oxygen and water out

and carbon dioxide in

Term
leaves
Definition
make food for the plant
Term
stems
Definition

carry water and minerals from roots to leaves;

carry food from leaves to the rest of the plant;

support the plant

Term
roots
Definition

anchor the plant in the ground;

absorb nutrients and water for the plant to use

Term
transpiration
Definition

process during which water escapes

from a leaf through

tiny openings called stomata

Term
two jobs of roots
Definition

take in water and mineral nutrients;

anchor plants in the ground

Term
fibrous roots
Definition

spread out in many directions;

absorb water and nutrients from a large area

(onions, daisies, grass)

Term
taproots
Definition

large main root with

smaller roots growing out the sides;

stores food for plant so

thickens as it grows

(carrots, dandelions, turnips, and radishes)

Term
root hairs
Definition
tiny roots that grow from the sides of taproots
Term
petals
Definition

protect the parts of the flower

that make seeds;

colorful;

attract bees

Term
sepals
Definition

green leaves below petals;

protect the bud

Term
anthers
Definition

at the top of the stamens;

make pollen

Term
stamens
Definition

male part of the flower;

surround the pistil

Term
pistil
Definition

female part of the flower;

in the center of flower;

contains eggs

Term
pollination
Definition
the movement of pollen
from stamen to pistil
Term
ovary
Definition
the thick bottom part
of the pistil;
where the egg cells are stored;
once it is fertilized,
it grows into fruit
Term
fertilization
Definition
the process during which
the sperm cell and the egg cell combine
Term
what happens after fertilization
takes place
Definition
the flower dries up;
seeds form inside fruit
Term
life span
Definition
how long something lives
Term
the three things a seed needs to sprout
Definition
the right amount of oxygen;
the right amount of water;
the right temperature
Term
three ways seeds are spread
Definition
animals;
wind;
water
Term
dormant
Definition
when a seed stays in the state of rest
for a while and does not sprout
Term
spores
Definition
cells that act like seeds
and grow into plants
Term
bulb
Definition
a type of underground stem
that grows into a plant
Term
runners
Definition
special stems that grow
along the ground
and help plants spread
into more new plants
Term
cuttings
Definition
sections cut from a full-grown plant
that are planted so they
can become new plants
Term
grafting
Definition
cutting branches from one plant or tree
and joining them to
another plant or tree
to get a new (better) plant or tree
Term
pollen
Definition
yellow powder made by the anthers;
contains sperm cells
Term
germination
Definition
the process during which
seeds sprout into plants
Term
three ways seeds are spread by animals
Definition
through their droppings;
seeds get stuck on their fur;
they are buried to be eaten later
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