Anthriscus Sylvestris; Zizia aurea; Conium maculatum

Hollow stems 
Small flowers in umbels 
Flowers with five petals 
White, yellow or pink (not blue) flowers

Square stems

Asteraceae

Senecio aureus, Senecio glabellus; Krigia biflora, Achillea millefolium; Carduus nutans; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum

Fls in dense heads on receptacle

Alliaria petiolata; Hesperis matronalis; Rorippa nasturitium-aquaticum; Lepidium campestre

4 petals 

6 stamen, 4 long 2 short

superior ovary

2 fused carpals 

Sambucus canadensis; Lonicera maackii

shrub or vine

opposite leaves

tubular or bell shaped flowers

fragrent 

usually 5 lobed

Caryophyllaceae

Stellaria pubera; Dianthus armeria

Opposite leaves,

usually stipulate

5 petals, 5 sepals

5 or 10 stamen

superior 2-5 carpals  

Glechoma heracea; Blephilia hirsuta

Mint Family

infl. normally in verticils 

2 lipped 

lobed ovaries 

Dodecatheon meadia; Lysimachia nummularia

Winter storage organs 

Five petals joined in a tube 
Five stamens joined to the tube opposite the petals 
Calyx of five parts joined in a tube 

simple leaves

Rubus idaeus; Rosa multiflora; Rubus pensilvanicus; Geum vernum; Geum laciniatum; Rosa carolina

Woody stems, often with prickles, or trailing stems with runners 
Simple or compound leaves,
Stipules at the base of the leaf 
Large flowers with five petals or clusters of tiny flowers with five petals 
Many stamens

and are usually woody trees, shrubs or climbers

multiple ovaries

hypanthium present

Valerianaceae radiata; Valeriana pauciflora

disagreeable odor

leaves opposite

Viola striata; Hybanthus concolor

Alternate leaves with small leafy growths 
Flowers like violets with five unequal petals and a spur 
Calyx of five parts 
Three part seed capsule