Term
| Heart Valves close due to: |
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Definition
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Term
| Heart sounds produced by: |
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Definition
1st sound- mitral valve closing
2nd sound- aortic valve closing |
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Term
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Definition
1) Filling
2) Isovolumetric Contraction
3) Ejection
4) Isovolumetric Relaxation |
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Term
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Definition
-Vol of blood pumped in one minute
-CO=SVxHR (SV=EDV-ESV) |
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Term
| Cardiac Output altered by: |
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Definition
-Changes to HR and SV
-Venous return is the main way to change SV, by changing EDV.
-Blood Vol determines venous return.
-In the end, increase blood vol, increase venous return, increase EDV, incrase CO |
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Term
| Frank-Starling Law of the heart |
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Definition
-Heart will pump all of its preload.
-Only changes in Intracellular Ca will change contractility) |
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Term
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Definition
| CO=(O2 consumption, VO2)/(O2V-O2A) |
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Term
| Most of the blood in circulation is in: |
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Definition
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Term
| Pulse Pressure and Mean arterial Pressure |
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Definition
Pulse Pressure= Sys-Dias
MAP=Dias+(.33*pulse pressure) |
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Term
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Definition
Q=change in P/R or change in P=Q*R
R is proportional to 1/(r^4) |
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Term
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Definition
In series: RT=R1+R2...
In parallel: 1/RT=1/R1+1/R2... |
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Term
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Definition
CO=change in P/TPR
TPR=total peripheral resistance |
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Term
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Definition
-Changes in vascular resistance
-CO2, adenosine, lactic acid, H+ all dilate the vessels
-NO also dilates |
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Term
| Capillary hydrostatic pressure |
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Definition
| Pc- higher on artery side of capillary. Favors movement of water from blood to interstitium |
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Term
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Definition
| -Osm pressure exerted by proteins in plasma. Favors movement from inerstitium to blood |
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Term
| Interstitial hydrostatic pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| Interstitial oncotic pressure |
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Definition
| Pie-i: favors movement of fluid from interstitium to blood |
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Term
Net filtration
Net absorption |
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Definition
Net filtration is about 10mmHg
Net absorption is about -8mmHg |
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Term
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Definition
| heart failure, dec in plasma proteins, capillary permeability, lymph system blocked |
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Term
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Definition
-Stretch receptors in aortic arch and carotid sinus. Inhibit sympathetic
-If BP drops, HR inc and vessels constrict
-If BP increases- HR drops and vessels dilate. |
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Term
| Not all tidal volume enters alveoli? |
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Definition
| Yes, because of the dead space taken up by the conducting zone, about 150mL |
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Term
| Normal PaCO2, PaO2, and R |
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Definition
PaCO2=40mmHg
PaO2=100
R=VCO2/V02=.8 |
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Term
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Definition
-Harder to keep small alveoli open, easier to keep large alveoli open.
-This effect is reduced by surfactant |
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Term
| Intrapleural Space at rest |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-PO2 in air is .21, CO2 is 0
-PO2 in alveolar blood is 40, CO2 is 47
-PO2 equilibrates at 100
-PCO2 equilibrates at 40 |
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