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Physical Science
IDS 2403 Conceptual Phys. Sci. Ch 10
38
Science
Undergraduate 2
06/30/2013

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Cards

Term

The distance between two points on a wave that have the same amplitude and motion is called

A) Period

B) Frequency

C) Amplitude

 D) Wavelength

Definition
D. Wavelength
Term

As a wave crosses a boundary between mediums, it travels from a less “dense” (high permittivity) medium to a more “dense” (low permittivity) medium. Which of the following properties of the wave change?

A) Speed

B) Wavelength

C) Amplitude

D) All of these.

Definition
A. Speed
Term

Which of the following mediums is not able to transmit sound waves?

A) Vacuum

B) Water

C) Air

D) Steel

Definition

A) Vacuum


Term

. As the pitch of a sound is increasing, what property of the sound wave is increasing?

A) Amplitude

B) Wavelength

C) Frequency

D) Speed

Definition
C) Frequency
Term

According to the Doppler Effect, if a police car sounding its siren is moving away from you, the siren’s pitch will be? as compared to when the police car is stationary while it sounds its siren

A) Lower

B) Higher

C) the same

 D) None of these.

Definition
A) Lower
Term
  1. Infrasonic
    1. time it takes for one complete back and forth vibration
    2. term that refers to how high or low sound frequencies appear to be
    3. term applied to sound pitch too low to be heard by the human ear, that is, below 20 Hz
    4. The speed of a wave is equal to its wavelength multiplied by its frequency.
Definition
2. term applied to sound pitch too low to be heard by the human ear, that is, below 20 Hz
Term
  1. natural frequency
    1. Violet light has the greater frequency
    2.  a frequency at which an elastic object, once energized, will vibrate
    3. time it takes for one complete back and forth vibration
    4. crest overlaps crest or a trough overlaps a trough
Definition
a frequency at which an elastic object,       once energized, will vibrate
Term
  1. If a wave vibrates up and down twice each second and travels a distance of 20 m each second, what is its frequency? Its wave speed? 
    1. When a wave source moves toward a receiver, the receiver encounters an increase in wave frequency, but not in wave speed.
    2. If a wave vibrates up and down twice each second and travels a distance of 20 m each second, its frequency is 2 Hz, and its wave speed is 20 m/s. This question is better answered by carefully reading the question rather than searching for a formula because all of the information needed is given in the question.
    3. the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
    4. a disturbance in air in which pressure is lowered; opposite of compression
Definition
If a wave vibrates up and down twice each second and travels a distance of 20 m each second, its frequency is 2 Hz, and its wave speed is 20 m/s. This question is better answered by carefully reading the question rather than searching for a formula because all of the information needed is given in the question.
Term
  1. If you triple the frequency of a vibrating object, what will happen to its period? (No Answer)
    1. a pulse of compressed air; opposite of rarefaction
    2. a frequency at which an elastic object, once energized, will vibrate
    3. the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
    4. If you triple the frequency of a vibrating object, its period will decrease by a factor of 3.
Definition
If you triple the frequency of a vibrating object, its period will decrease by a factor of 3.
Term
  1. When watching a baseball game, we often hear the bat hitting the ball after we actually see the hit. Why? (No Answer)
    1. the distance between successive identical parts of the wave
    2. We hear the bat hitting the ball before after we actually see the hit because light travels faster than sound.
    3. a frequency at which an elastic object, once energized, will vibrate
    4. the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
Definition
We hear the bat hitting the ball before after we actually see the hit because light travels faster than sound.
Term
  1. What is the relationship between forced vibration and resonance? (No Answer)
    1. the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
    2. If you triple the frequency of a vibrating object, its period will decrease by a factor of 3.
    3.  Resonance occurs when the frequency of a forced vibration on an object matches the object's natural frequency and an increase in amplitude occurs.
    4. a phenomenon that occurs when the frequency of forced vibrations on an object matches the object's natural frequency, and a dramatic increase in amplitude results
Definition
Resonance occurs when the frequency of a forced vibration on an object matches the object's natural frequency and an increase in amplitude occurs.
Term
  1. How does interference of sound relate to beats? (No Answer)
    1. term that refers to how high or low sound frequencies appear to be
    2. the distance between successive identical parts of the wave
    3. the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
    4.  The interference of two sound sources of slightly different frequencies produces beats.
Definition
The interference of two sound sources of slightly different frequencies produces beats.
Term
  1. As the frequency of sound is increased, does the wavelength increase or decrease? Give an example.

 

Definition
As the frequency of a sound is increased, the wavelength decreases. For example, during a concert, you do not hear the high notes in a chord before you hear the low ones; the sounds of all instruments reach you at the same time. Wavelength and frequency vary inversely to produce the same wave speed for all sounds
Term
  1. wavelength:
    1. time it takes for one complete back and forth vibration
    2. She should further tighten the string.
    3. crest overlaps a trough
    4.  the distance between successive identical parts of the wave
Definition
the distance between successive identical parts of the wave
Term
a. How fast does sound travel in dry air at room temperature?

b. How does air temperature affect the speed of sound?
Definition
  1. a. In dry air at room temperature, sound travels at about 340 m/s.
    b. For each degree increase in air temperature above 0 degrees C, the speed of sound in air decreases by 60 m/s.
Term
  1. vibration
    1. crest overlaps a trough
    2.  a wiggle in time
    3. She should further tighten the string.
    4. a wiggle in space
Definition
a wiggle in time
Term
  1. amplitude
    1. She should further tighten the string.
    2. the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
    3. the distance between successive identical parts of the wave
    4. Violet light has the greater frequency.
Definition
the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
Term
  1. compression 
    1. a pulse of compressed air; opposite of rarefaction
    2. Violet light has the greater frequency.
    3. crest overlaps crest or a trough overlaps a trough
    4. crest overlaps a trough
Definition
a pulse of compressed air; opposite of rarefaction
Term
  1. period 
    1. a pulse of compressed air; opposite of rarefaction
    2. the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
    3. time it takes for one complete back and forth vibration
    4. She should further tighten the string.
Definition
time it takes for one complete back and forth vibration
Term
Would it be correct to say that the Doppler effect is the apparent change in the speed of a wave due to motion of the source?
Definition
No, the Doppler effect is the apparent change in frequency and pitch of a wave due to motion of the source. This question is a test of reading comprehension as well as a test of physics knowledge because it requires you to know the difference between frequency and speed and the definition of the Doppler effect.
Term
  1. longitudinal wave (No Answer)
    1. the distance from the midpoint to the crest of the wave
    2. the medium moves at right angles to the direction in which the wave travels
      ex. electromagnetic waves, such as light and radio waves
    3. time it takes for one complete back and forth vibration
    4. the medium moves back and forth parallel to the direction in which the wave travels
      ex. sound waves
Definition
the medium moves back and forth parallel to the direction in which the wave travels
ex. sound waves
Term
Distinguish between the period and the frequency of a vibration or a wave. How do they relate to one another?
Definition
The period of a wave or a vibration is the time it takes for one complete back and forth vibration. The frequency of a wave or a vibration specifies the number of back-and-forth vibrations it makes in a given time. If the frequency of a vibrating object is known, its period can be calculates, and vice versa. As you can see below, frequency and period are inverses of each other:

Frequency = 1/period Period = 1/ Frequency
Term

If the frequency of a particular wave is 20 Hz, its period is

A.  1/20 second.

B.20 seconds.
C.more than 20 seconds. 
D.none of the above.
Definition

A.  1/20 second.


Term

The vibrations along a transverse wave move in a direction

A.  along the wave.

B.perpendicular to the wave.
C.Both of the above. 
D.Neither of the above.
Definition
B.perpendicular to the wave.
Term

Which signal will be heard first?

A.  Radio signal.

B.Nonbroadcast sound signal.
C.Both at the same time.

None of the above

Definition
C.Both at the same time.
Term

Compared with a dry road, seeing is difficult when driving at night on a wet road. Why?

A.  Wet surface is smooth with less diffuse reflection, part of which would otherwise reach the driver’s eyes.

B.Wet road usually means a wet windshield.
C.Wet road usually means more vapor in the air.
D.There is no reason—that’s just the way it is.

 


Definition
A.  Wet surface is smooth with less diffuse reflection, part of which would otherwise reach the driver’s eyes.
Term

Interference is a property of

 

A.  sound.

 

B.light.

 

C.Both of these.

Neither of these

Definition
C.Both of these.
Term

When a fire engine approaches you, the

 

A.  speed of its sound increases.

B.frequency of sound increases.
C.wavelength of its sound increases.
D.All increase.
Definition
B.frequency of sound increases.
Term

The Doppler effect occurs for

 

A.  sound.

B.light.
C.Both A and B.
D.Neither A nor B.
Definition
C.Both A and B.
Term

When we consider the distance a pendulum swings to and fro, we’re talking about its:

 

A)Frequency
B)Period
C)Wavelength
D)Amplitude
Definition
D)Amplitude
Term

If the frequency of a particular wave is 30 Hz, its period is

 

A) 1/30 second
B) 30 seconds
C) more than 30 seconds
D) none of these
Definition
A) 1/30 second
Term

In Europe, alternating electric current vibrates to and fro 50 cycles in 1 s. The frequency of these vibrations is

 

A) 50 Hz with a period of 1/50 s
B) 1/50 Hz with a period of 50 s
C) 50 Hz with a period of 50 s

D) 1/50 Hz with a period of 1/50

Definition
A) 50 Hz with a period of 1/50 s
Term

If you dip your finger repeatedly onto the surface of still water, you produce waves. The more frequently you dip your finger,

 

A) the lower the wave frequency and the longer the wave-lengths
B) the higher the wave frequency and the shorter the wavelengths
C) strangely, both of these
D) neither of these
Definition
B) the higher the wave frequency and the shorter the wavelengths
Term

When sound or light undergoes interference, it can sometimes

 

A) build up to an amplitude greater than the sum of amplitudes
B) cancel completely
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Definition
B) cancel completely
Term

What does NOT occur with the Doppler effect are changes in

 

A) frequency due to motion
B) the speed of sound due to motion
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Definition
B) the speed of sound due to motion
Term

A sonic boom is the result of wave

 

A) interference
B) resonance
C) superposition
D) reflection and refraction
Definition
C) superposition
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