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Physical Science Vocab
First 9 Weeks Vocabulary
31
Science
12th Grade
10/27/2009

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Term
Constant
Definition
In an experiment, a variable that does not change when other variables change.
Term
Control
Definition
Standard used for comparison of test results in an experiment.
Term
Dependent Variable
Definition
Factor that changes as a result of changes in the other variable.
Term
Independent Variable
Definition
Factor that, as it changes, affects the measure of another variable.
Term
Theory
Definition
Explanation of things or events that is based on knowledge gained from many observations and investiagtions
Term
Density
Definition
Mass per unit volume of a material
Term
Volume
Definition
Amount of space occupied by an object
Term
Mass
Definition
Amount of matter in an object
Term
Kilogram
Definition
Standard unit for measuring mass
Term
Liter
Definition
Standard unit for measuring liquid volume.
Term
Meter
Definition
Standard unit for measuring length
Term
Speed
Definition
Distance an object travels per unit of time
Term
Acceleration
Definition
Rate of change of velocity
Term
Velocity
Definition
The speed and direction of a moving object.
Term
Friction
Definition
Force that opposes the sliding motion between two touching surfaces.
Term
Gravity
Definition
Attractive force between two object that depends on the masses of the an objects and the distance between them.
Term
Weight
Definition
Gravitational force exerted on an object.
Term
Air Resistance
Definition
Force that opposes the motion of objects that move through the air.
Term
Centripetal Force
Definition
A net force that is directed toward the center of a curved or circular path.
Term
Kinetic Energy
Definition
Energy a moving object has because of its motion.
Term
Potential Energy
Definition
Stored energy an object has due to its position
Term
Gravitational Potential Energy
Definition
Energy stored by objects due to their position above Earths
Term
Mechanical Energy
Definition
Sum of the potential energy and Kenetic energy in a system
Term
Law of Conservation of Energy
Definition
States that energy can never be created or destroyed.
Term
Machine
Definition
Device that makes doing work easier by increasing the force applied to an object changing the direction of an applied force, or increasing.
Term
Efficiency
Definition
Ratio of the output work done by the machine to the input work done on the machine, expressed or stretched.
Term
Work
Definition
Transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move.
Term
Mechanical Adv.
Definition
Ratio of the output force exerted by a machine to the input force applied to the machine.
Term
Conduction
Definition
Transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter at a higher temperature an particles in matter at a lower temperature.
Term
Convection
Definition
Transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from one place to another.
Term
Radiation
Definition
Transfer or thermal energy by electromagnetic waves.
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