Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stored Energy
Molecules or objects that are not moving have potential energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Energy of moving molecules or objects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Average Kinetic Energy
Cold = Low energy
Hot = High energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thermal, Chemical, Light, Nuclear,
Electrical and Mechanical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
MASS, CHARGE & ENERGY
must be conserved.
None can be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Energy given off
Negative -- Δ H
Bonds Formed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Energy absorbed
Positive + ΔH
Bonds Broken |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
Hot= High KE Cold = Low KE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Calorie, Joule, Kilojoule
Cal, J, KJ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the amounf of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree celsius. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Two things are considered pure substances
Elements: cannot be broken down
Compounds: can only be broken down using a chemical reaction, not a physical change. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Homogeneous: a uniform mixture (salt water), Solutions are water clear Homogeneous mixtures. Use (aq)- aqueous, to show if it is dissovled in water
Heterogeneous: having different parts that can still be seen (salad dressing)
|
|
|
Term
KMT
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases |
|
Definition
Gas particles move constantly in straight lines, when they hit things, they lose no energy, and the particles are not attracted to each other (no intermolecular forces). |
|
|
Term
Properties of the 3 Phases of Matter |
|
Definition
Solid- def vol. + shape, little movement of particles, only vibration.
Liquid- Def. volume, NO def shape. Particles spaced enough so they may slide past one another.
Gas - No def vol. or shape. Exert pressure on surroundings or container.
|
|
|
Term
Mixtures are NOT pure substances, but can be made up of them. Mixtures can be DECOMPOSED by physical means. |
|
Definition
Methods of Separation:
distillation for liquids with different boiling points
evaporation a liquid and dissolved solid
filtration a undissolved soild and liquid
chromotography a complex mixture
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
