Emerging adulthood (mid-late 20)- way away from taking on responsibilities (more alternatives)

Globalization- exhchange of idea, info, trade adn immigration among the nations (promotes Transtion into adulthood)

• Biological aging/senescence- Genetically influenced declines in the functions of organs and systems that are universal in all member of our species
• wear/tear theory- Body wears out from use
• Oversimplifications

• Those that emphasize that programmed effects of specific genes
• emphasize the cumulative effect of random events that damage genetic cellular material
• Menopause, gray hair, deterioration of body cells

Physical Development

Aging at the level of organs and Tissues

• Cross-linkage theory of aging- Over time protein fibers form likds with one another
• They become less elastic 
• Drop in the growth hormone
• Immune system stops working

Physical Changes

Twenties and thirties Changes stop and are mostly unseeable

Physical Changes

Cardiovascular and respiratory

• Hypertension- high BP
• Decrease in maximum HR= Heart has difficulty Delivering blood to body
• Atherosclerosis- Heavy deposed of plaque on arty walls
• Lungs show less age related decline
• hard while exercising 

Physical changes

Motor Performance 

• Gradual muscle loss
• Explosive strength,gross body coordination typically peak and early 20's
• Endurance- peaks late 20's
• The decline in low impact sports in speed is minimal
• Training slows muscle loss

Physical changes

Immune system

• T cells Are present the immune response is slower
• B cells Release far more anitbodies when T cells are present
• Stress decreases immune system
• Stress hormone Mobilize the body for action
• Illness Fostered to reduce activity

Physical Development

Reproductive Capacity

• Twenties is ideal for reproduction
• Low risk of miscarriages and disorders
• Reproductive Decreases with age
• Quality of the ova decreases with age in females

Health and Fitness

• Lower poverty rate helps live longer
• More activiness 
• Economically advantaged and well-educated, sustain better health over most of their adult lives 
• Poor childhood=poor adulthood

Health and Fitness

Nutrition

• BMR (Basal Metabolic rate) amount of energy the body uses at complete rest
• Weight loss

• Social support
• Teaching problem-solving skills
• Extended intervention
• Training participants to keep and accurate record of what they eat
• A well-Balanced diet lower in calories and fat, plus exercise

Health and Fitness

Dietary Fat

• Limit red meat, eggs, butter, fried foods
• Saturated fat-Meat and Dairy that is solid at room temp
• Unsaturated fat- most liquid vegetable Less than its full complement of hydrogen atoms
• High fat levels contributes to heart disease

Health and Fitness

Exercise

• Regular exercise Keeps fit and slim
• Provides resistance to disease
• Better immune system
• Helps fight cancer
• Mental health benefits
• Lower death rates

Health And Fitness

Substance Abuse

• When substances be come chronic they intensify the psychological problems

Health and Fitness

Substance abuse

• Info on the harmful effects has reduced it prevalence from 40 to 25%
• Cigarette smoke is the single most prevelant cause of death in industrialized nations
• Too few Treatments last long enough or teach skills for avoiding relapses

• 13% of men and 3% of women Abuse it
• Alcoholics are who cannot control their limits of alcohol 
• Genetic contribution to alcoholism
• Where Cultures that use in daliy life it is less like to be abused
• Brain damage
• Motor vehicle accidents are caused

Health and Fitness

Sexuality

• By end of adolences 70% has had sex
• By 22 90% has had sex
• More opportunities (cohabitation, More sexual changes and choices

Changes in the structure of thought

Postformal thought

cognitive development beyond Pigets formal operations

Perry's theory

Epistemic cognition

• Dualistic thinking- dividing info, values, and authority into right and wrong, good and bad, we and they (college Freshman)
• Relativist thinking- Viewing all knowledge as embedded in a framework of hought
• Aware of a diverdity of opionions on many topics Gave up on the possibility of absolute truth, Multiple truths relative to context

Commitment with in realitivistic thinking

Labouvie-vief's theory

Pragmatic thought and cognitive-emotional complexity

• Pragmatic though- structural advance in which logic becomes a tool for solving real-world problems
• Cognitive-affective complexity- Awareness of positive and negative feelings and coordination of them in toa complex organized structure

Vocational choice

Selection vocation

Fantasy period

Middle childhood

gaining insight into career options by fantasizing about them

11-16 think about careers in more complex ways

in terms of intrests

more aware of personal and educatuional requirements

abilities and values

Late teens early twenties

Ecomomic and practical realities of adulthood, narrow their options

exploration- gather more info about possibilites that blend with their personal characteristics

crystallization's- Focus on a general vocational category and experiment for a time before settling on a single occupation

Investigative 

working with ideas

scientific occupations

Interaction with people 

human services

counseling

social work'

teaching

real-world problems and working with objets

mechanical occupations

Emotional and high in need for individual expression

writting music visual arts

well struchtured taskes and values material possesions and social status

well suited to the business

adventurous persuasive a stron leader

supervisory position or politics