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Definition
| The ability to cause change or do work |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of energy transformations |
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| First Law of Thermodynamics |
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Definition
| Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another |
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| Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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Definition
| With each energy transformation some energy is lost as heat. The disorder or entropy of the universe increases. |
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Definition
| An organisms that makes its own food - a self feeder. |
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Definition
| An organism that uses sunlight to make its food |
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Definition
| An organism that uses inorganic molecules like hydrogen sulfide to make its food |
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Definition
| An organism that must eat or take in its food |
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Term
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Definition
| All of the chemical reactions in a cell or organism |
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Definition
| Chemical pathways that build or make molecules. These pathways use or absorb energy. |
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Definition
| Chemical pathways that destroy or breakdown molecules. These pathways release energy |
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Definition
| Adenosine triphosphate - a molecule that supplies energy in cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| An adenine group, a ribose sugar, and 3 Phosphate groups |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the equation for photosynthesis |
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Definition
| 6 CO2 + 6 H2O = C6H12O6 + 6 O2 |
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Term
| In which organelle does photosynthesis occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What pigments are in the chloroplast? |
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Definition
| Chlorophyll which is green and carotenoids which are yellow and orange |
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Term
| What wavelengths of light do plants use in photosynthesis? |
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Definition
Red and blue
Red is plentiful and blue is high energy |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| The membrane sacs inside the chloroplast. Chlorophyll molecules are embedded in the membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
| The liquid matrix inside the chloroplast that surrounds the thylakoids |
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Term
| What happens in the first step of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| Light strikes a molecule of chlorophyll and an electron is boosted to a higher energy level. |
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Term
| What is the second step of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| The missing electron is replace by an electron that is pulled from water. Water breaks down forming oxygen gas. |
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Term
| What is the third step of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| The electron is passed down an electron transport chain (ETC) and is accepted by an electron carrier called NADPH. |
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Term
| What is the fourth step of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| The flow of electrons causes H+ ions to be pumped across the thylakoid membranes. |
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Term
| What is the fifth step of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| The H+ ions flow through a "water-wheel" called ATP synthase and make ATP. |
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Term
| What is the Calvin cycle? |
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Definition
| The light independent reactions where carbon dioxide is fixed into sugar |
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Term
| First step of the Calvin cycle |
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Definition
| The enzyme Rubisco grabs carbon dioxide from the air and combines it with another molecule. |
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Term
| Second stop of the Calvin Cycle |
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Definition
| 18 ATP and 12 NADPH supply the energy to rearrange the molecules into sugar. This cycle regenerates the starting molecules. |
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Term
| Where do the light dependent reactions occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do the light independent reactions occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do the leaves of some plants turn yellow in the autumn? |
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Definition
| The yellow pigment has always been there. In the autumn, the chlorophyll is broken down and the yellow colors are revealed. |
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