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off topic
distraction
different issue |
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| confusion of necessary w/sufficient condition |
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| believe what you hear sometimes but you are not there |
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| arguing from ignorance with no information |
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certain law
(it is..should be) |
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| he or she makes contradictory claims |
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| appealing to COMMON opinion |
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"abusing the man"
attacking the PERSON making the argument/claim/ instead of their position |
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insulting, attacking the WEAKER version
"attacking a straw man" |
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slippery slope
(aka domino fallacy) |
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| assuming that one event will necessarily lead to a chain of events |
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alternatives, pretty much two choices
america: love it or leave it |
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| mistakenly infer a meaning from a world or phrase used in an ambiguous context |
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| assuming just because two things are alike in one respects, they are a like in other respects |
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| making contradictory claims |
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appeal to common practice
(others do it, why cant i?) |
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| appeal to common opinion, appeal to intelligence, appeal to celebrity status |
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| unwarranted generalization |
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weak inductive arguments
too small of a sample size
unrepresentative sample size |
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1) What can my communications professor actually teach me? If she really knew anything about communications, she'd work in the field.
a) gamblers fallacy b) faulty analogy c) ad hominem d) post hoc
e) naturalistic fallacy |
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2) Brad enjoys NASCAR, a sport that many conservative voters also enjoy. So Brad is a conservative voter.
a) fallacy of the undistributed middle b) faulty analogy c) fallacy of fallacies d) ad hominem
e) no true Scotsman |
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| 2: a, fallacy of the undistributed middle |
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3) I can quit smoking, you can quit smoking, we all can muster the will power to quit smoking so long as we put our minds to it and stick to our goals.
a) fallacy of the undistributed middle b) red herring c) begging the question d) argument from ignorance
e) slippery slope |
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| 3: c, begging the question |
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4) This package doesn't say anything about the meat containing hormones or additives, so it must not have any.
a) fallacy of the undistributed middle b) begging the question c) gamblers fallacy d) argument from ignorance
e) straw man |
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| 4: d, argument from ignorance |
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5) Mother: "Why didn't you mow the lawn. You know you're supposed to mow the lawn on Saturdays."
Daughter: "Why are you always on my back?"
a) straw man b) red herring c) post hoc d) slippery slope e) confusion of a necessary with a sufficient condition |
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6) In my heart I know my son is still alive because life would be unbearable without him.
a) post hoc b) false dilemma c) unwarranted generalization d) gamblers fallacy e) moralistic fallacy (ought-is) |
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7) I bet fifty cents Sarah wouldn't eat a tube of wood glue. Marty also bet Sarah wouldn't eat a tube of wood glue. I guess that means Marty and I are the same person.
a) gamblers fallacy b) fallacy of the undistributed middle c) no true Scotsman d) red herring e) negation in the minor premise |
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| 7: b, fallacy of the undistributed middle |
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8) "You may claim that the death penalty is an ineffective deterrent against crime--but what about the victims of crime? How do you think surviving family members feel when they see the man who murdered their son kept in prison at their expense? Is it right that they should pay for their son's murderer to be fed and housed?"
a) no true Scotsman b) false dilemma c) red herring d) confusion between a necessary and a sufficient condition e) straw man |
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9) People who smoke cigarettes are harming their health just as much as crack addicts are harming their health. So why do we let people who smoke cigarettes raise children but we put the children of crack addicts in foster care?
a) red herring b) faulty analogy c) slippery slope d) ad hominem e) no true scotsman |
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10) I exercise every day for 2 hours, I don't understand why I can't lose weight.
a) confusion between a necessary and a sufficient condition b) ad hominem c) no true Scotsman d) fallacy of composition
e) begging the question |
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| 10: a, confusion between a necessary and a sufficient condition |
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11) Professor Lewis hasn't tripped over a planter in awhile, so she's bound to trip over a planter soon.
a) moralistic fallacy (ought-is) b) naturalistic fallacy (is-ought) c) slippery slope d) appeal to irrelevant authority e) gamblers fallacy |
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12) The soul is immaterial. Whatever is immaterial is not important. Ergo, the soul is not important.
a) fallacy of composition b) confusion of a necessary with a sufficient condition c) equivocation d) naturalistic fallacy (is-ought) e) moralistic fallacy (ought-is) |
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13) Feminists want to ban all pornography and punish everyone who reads it! But such harsh measures are surely inappropriate, so the feminists are wrong: porn and its readers should be left in peace.
a) straw man b) slippery slope c) ad hominem d) equivocation e) no true Scotsman |
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14) Active euthanasia is morally acceptable behavior, as it is a decent, ethical act to help another human being escape suffering through death.
a) straw man b) ad hominem c) fallacy of composition d) begging the question e) naturalistic fallacy |
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| 14: d, begging the question |
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15) I've taken two philosophy classes and they were both boring, philosophy is a boring subject.
a) argument from ignorance b) no true Scotsman c) equivocation d) unwarranted generalization e) ad hominem |
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| 15: d, unwarranted generalization |
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16) President Jones lowered taxes, and then the rate of violent crime went up. Jones' tax measures are responsible for the rise in crime.
a) ad hominem b) post hoc c) fallacy of the undistributed middle d) straw man e) moralistic fallacy (ought-is) |
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17) Every song on the album lasts less than an hour. Therefore, the album lasts less than an hour.
a) unwarranted generalization b) false dilemma c) red herring d) confusion of a necessary with a sufficient condition e) fallacy of composition |
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| 17: e, fallacy of composition |
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18) Useless courses like English 101 should be dropped from the college curriculum because they serve no purpose.
a) false dilemma b) faulty analogy c) begging the question d) fallacy of the undistributed middle e) red herring |
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| 18: c, begging the question |
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19) My opponent believes that we should extend unemployment benefits because the unemployment rate is 16%, but I don't think that parasites who don't want to work should get a free ride from the tax money of hard-working honest citizens.
a) equivocation b) straw man c) red herring d) false dilemma e) cum hoc |
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| 19: b, strawman/strawperson |
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20) Education is like cake; a small amount tastes sweet, but eat too much and your teeth will rot out. More than four years of college will damage a person’s ability to think.
a) false dilemma b) equivocation c) faulty analogy d) post hoc
e) straw man |
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21) To allow every man unbounded freedom of speech must always be on the whole, advantageous to the state; for it is highly conducive to the interest of the community that each individual should enjoy a liberty perfectly unlimited of expressing his sentiments.
a) red herring b) slippery slope c) ad hominem d) straw man e) begging the question |
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| 21: e, begging the question |
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