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Details Title: Pharmocology T1 Description: Neurodegenerative Disorders-Mersfelder Total Flash Cards: 44 Created: 02/12/2007 12:22:17	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term What disorder of the extrapyramidal systems is characterized by the degredation of dopamine producing neurons? Definition PD Term What are the S & S of PD? Definition Resting Tumor Small handwriting Change in Gait Mask Face Bradykinsia Term What is the most effective medication for the treatment of PD? Definition Levodopa Term What is the principle action of carbidopa? Definition Prevents breakdown of levodopa in the periphery Term What drug group stimulate dopamine receptors directly and what is the DOC for PD? Definition Dopamine agonists;Pramipexole/Mirapex Term What are the defining characteristics of Entacapone/Comtan? Definition -COMT inhibitor -prevents breakdown of levadopa -Orange Pee Term What are the defining characteristics of Selegiline? Definition -MAO-B inhibitor -Only one to affect disease state -stops enzyme which breaks down dopamine Term What do we want to monitor when treating a PD patient with Amantadine? Definition Watch Creatinine Clearance Term What is the M.O.of Anticholinergics and what are the adverse effects? Definition Blocks the muscarinic receptors;can't see,pee,spit, or void. Term What is the name of the most commonly used anti-Ach? Definition Benztropine Term What is the primary pathology of PD? Definition Degeneration of neurons in the substania nigra resulting in imbalance btw ACh and dopamine. Term What is the enzyme responsible for converting levadopa to dopamine? Definition Decarboxylase Term What are the principle adverse affects of Levodopa usage? Definition Nausea,dyskinsia, hypotension, and psychosis. Term Why do we use Clozapine in PD treatment? Definition It is a atypical antipsychotic which does not block dopamine receptors. Term What is the result of eating a high-protien meal while taking levodopa? Definition Reduction of therapuetic effects due to competition btw med and amino acids for absorption in the intestine and transport across the BBB. Term What is the M.O. of the group of drugs called dopamine agonists? Definition direct activation of dopamine receptors in the stratium Term What is the M.O. of Selegine? Definition Enhances levodopa by inhibiting MAO-B (enzyme which inactivates dopamine) -may actually delay the progression of the disease state Term What is the histopathology of AD? Definition neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex Term What is the M.O., major adverse effect,and indication of use for Cholineseterase Inhibitors? Definition Prevents the break down of Ach,may cause GI bleeding, used for mild-moderate states Term What drugs can reduce the effects of Cholinesterase inhibitors and why do they exert said effect? Definition Antihistamines, TCA's, and typical antipsychotics;block ACh receptors Term Give an example of NMDA Receptor Antagonistic drug and it's indicated use Definition Memantine;indicated use for moderate to severe AD Term What are the benefits and adverse effects of NSAIDS and aspirin? Definition 1/day may delay progression;GI bleed, fluid retention, and renal dysfunction Term What is the primary adverse effect of Ginkgo Biloba? Definition Antiplatelet affect Term What are the three means of symptom control for AD suffers? Definition 1) Antidepressants (NOT TCA's) 2) Atypical Antipsychotics 3) Environment manipulation Term What are the three goals of MS treatment? Definition 1)Modify the disease process 2)Treat acute relapse 3)Manage symptoms Term What is the pathology of MS? Definition chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder characterized by damage to the myelin sheath of neurons in the CNS Term What is the most common type of MS? Definition relapse-remitting Term What are the two types of disease modifying drugs usedt to treat MS? Definition 1) Immunosuppresant (Mitoxantrone) 2) Immunomodulators (interferon and glatiramer) Term What MS drug may have flu-like symptoms as an adverse effect? Definition Interferon Term Mitoxantrone has what three adverse effects? Definition -Myelosuppression -Cardiotoxicity -Fetal harm Category D Term What drug group is used to treat the bladder dysfunction associated with MS? Definition Anticholinergics-Oxybutynin Term What is used to treat the neuropathic ain and depressiin associated with MS? Definition TCA's Term What drugs used to treat the cognitive dysfunction of MS can also be used to treat mild-moderate AD? Definition Donepezil and Memantine Term Phenytoin Definition -Tx Epilepsy -Gingival hyperplasia -Stevens Johnsons rash -Not for absence seizures Term Carbamazepine Definition -DOC partial seizures -Watch WBC levels -Weight gain Term Valproic Acid Definition -Partial and generalized seizures -Liver and Pancreas harm Term Ethosuximide Definition -DOC absence seizures Term Oxycarbazepine Definition -Adverse: hyponatremia Term Gabapentin/Pregabalin Definition -Adjunct to partial -PAIN CONTROL -pregab may cause abuse Term What two vitamins are suggested to be taken for pregnant epileptics? Definition Vitamin K and Folic Acid Term Topiramate Definition -most seizures including MIXED - weight loss Term What is the DOC for muscle spasms/spasticity? Definition Diazepam Term What medication would we use to treat spasticity specific to MS, spinal cord, and CP? Definition Baclofen Term What spasticity med works on the sarcoplasmic reticulum and treats malignant hyperthermia? Definition Dantrolene