Term
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Definition
Osmolality: Isotonic (252mOsm/L)
Uses: hydration, free water, 200kcal/L, diluent for medications (e.g mannitol)
Potiental complications: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP), hpokalemia, increase blood glucose levels, fluid overload, incompatible with:
diazapam
phenytoin sodium
procainamide
sodium bicarbonate
warfarin sodium
whole blood
vitamin B12 |
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Term
D10W-10% dextrose in water |
|
Definition
Osmolality: hypertonic (505 mOsm/L)
uses: osmotic diuretic, 340 kcal/L, free water
potiential complications: fluid overload, hyperglycemia, [hlegotos (use large veins), incompatible with:
same as D5W |
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Term
| D20W - 20% dextrose in water |
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Definition
Osmolality: hypertonic (1011 Mosm/L)
Uses: osmotic diuretic, 680 kcal/L
Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities:
sme as D5W |
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Term
| D30W- 30% dextrose in water |
|
Definition
Osmolality: hypertonic (1510 mOsm/L)
uses: 1020 kcal/L
Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities:
sme as D5W |
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Term
| D40W-40% dextrose in water |
|
Definition
Osmolality: hypertonic (2020 mOsm/L)
Uses; osmotic diuretic, 1360 kcal/L
Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities:
sme as D5W |
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Term
| D50W- 50% dextrose in water |
|
Definition
osmolality: hypertonic (2520 mOsm/L)
uses: base for total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 1700 kcal/L
Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities:
sme as D5W, high risk for line sepsis, hypergylcemia |
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Term
| D60W- 60% dextrose in water |
|
Definition
Osmolality: hypertonic (3030 mOsm/L)
Uses: base for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) 2040 kcal/L
Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities:
sme as D5W, high risk for line sepsis, hypergylcemia |
|
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Term
| D70W - 70% dextrose in water |
|
Definition
Osmolality: hypertonic (3530 mOsm/L)
uses: frequently base for infant TPN, 2830 kcal/L
Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities:
sme as D5W, high risk for line sepsis, hypergylcemia |
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Term
| D5 and 1/4 normal salin (NS)- 5% dextrose and 0.2 NaCL (sodium chloride) |
|
Definition
Osmolality: isotonic (314 mOsm/L)
uses: rehydration, replacement of NaCL, 170 kcal/L
Potiental complications: fluid overload, hypokalemia, contraindicated in diabetic ketoacidosism incompatibilities: amphotericin B, ampicillin sodium
diazepam
mannitol
wafarin sodium
whole blood |
|
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Term
| D5 and 1/2 NS- 5% dextrose and 0.45 NaCL |
|
Definition
osmolality: hypertonic (391 mOsm/L)
Uses: promote renal function 170 kcal/L, severe dehyration, sodium replacement, shock, circulatory insufficiency.
Potiental complications: fluid overload, hypokalemia, contraindicated in diabetic ketoacidosism incompatibilities: amphotericin B, ampicillin sodium
diazepam
mannitol
wafarin sodium
whole blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Osmolality: hypertonic (560 mOsm/l)
use: promote renal function, 170kcal/L, severe dehydration, sodium replacement, shock, circulatory insufficiency
Potiental complications: fluid overload, hypokalemia, contraindicated in diabetic ketoacidosism incompatibilities: amphotericin B, ampicillin sodium
diazepam
mannitol
wafarin sodium
whole blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
osmolality: isotonic (308 mOsm/L)
uses: replaced extracellular fluid (ECF) volume, hyponatremia, mild metabolic acidosis, mild metabolic alkalosis, diabetic ketoacidosis, hypovolemia, diluent for medications, flush intravascular accesses, maintain patency of intracenous access device
potiental complications: fluid overload, increased ICP, hypokalemia, hyperchloremia, hypernatremia, caution in elderly. |
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Term
|
Definition
Osmolality: isotonic (310 mOsm/L)
uses: severe dehydration, hypovolemia, replace ECF loss, shock
potiental complications: fluid overload hypernatremia, incompatibilities: ampicillin soidum
cefamandole
diazepam
erythromycin
phenytoin
potassium phosphate
sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
whole blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
osmolality: isotonic (274 mOsm/L)
uses: sever dehydration, hypovolemia, replace ECF loss, shock, mild acidosis (lactate oins metabolized to bicarbonate by liver, diabetic ketoacidosis, salicylate overdose, 9kcal/L (lactate).
potential complications: hypernatremia, fluid overload, incompatibilities:
amphortericin B
ampicillin sodium
cefamandole
chlordiazepoxide
diazepam
erythromycin
potassiom pnosphate
promethazine HCI
sodium bicarbonate
methicillin
methylprednisolone sodium succinate
oxytetracycline
phenytoin sodium
thiopental
warfarin
whole blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
osmolality: hypertonic (564 mOsm/L)
uses: severe dehydration, hypovolemia, replace ECF loss, shock, calories from dextrose. |
|
|
Term
| D5LR - 5% dextrose and LR |
|
Definition
osmolality: hypertonic (524 mOms/L)
Uses: sever dehydration, hypovolemia, replace ECF loss, shock, mild acidosis (lactate ions metabolized to bicarbonate by liver, diabetic ketoacidosis, salicylate overdose, 9kcal/L (lactate), calories from dextrose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
osmolality: hypertonic (779 mOsm/L)
uses: fluid replacement, provides 340 kcal/L
potential complications: refer to 10% dextrose, refer to lactated ringers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
osmolality: hypotonic (154 mOsm/L)
uses: promotes renal function. free water, sodium, and chloride; preferable to 0.9% NS for electrolyte restoration of Na & Cl; reduces serum osmolality; hyperosmolar diabetes
potiental complications:hypernatremia, fluid overloadm incompatibilities:
amphotericin B
mannitol |
|
|
Term
Plasma expanders Dextran 70 and 0.9% NS |
|
Definition
osmolality: isotonic (308 mOsm/L)
uses: fluid replacement, restores circulatory hemodynamics, perioperative shock, amd chloride; preferable to 0.9% NS for electrolyte restoration of Na & Cl; reduces serum osmolality; hyperosmolar diabetes.
potential complications:hypersensitivity, risk for infection at infusion site, bleeding, incompatibilities:
all medications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
osmolality: isotonic (308 mOsm/L)
uses: fluid replacement, restores circulatory hemodynamics, perioperative shock, amd chloride; preferable to 0.9% NS for electrolyte restoration of Na & Cl; reduces serum osmolality; hyperosmolar diabetes.
potential complications:hypersensitivity, risk for infection at infusion site, bleeding, incompatibilities:
all medications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
osmolality: isotonic (255 mOsm/L)
uses: fluid replacement, restores circulatory hemodynamics, perioperative shock, amd chloride; preferable to 0.9% NS for electrolyte restoration of Na & Cl; reduces serum osmolality; hyperosmolar diabetes.
potential complications:hypersensitivity, risk for infection at infusion site, bleeding, incompatibilities:
all medications |
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