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Details Title: Pharmacology Description: Test #5 Total Flash Cards: 42 Created: 06/11/2004 17:39:35	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Name some lifestyle changes for a person with HTN Definition wt loss, Na+ restriction, DASH, Alcohol and nicotine reduction, exercise, adequate K+ and Ca++ Term What is hyponatremia and hypokalemia Definition low salt and low K+ Term What does Furosemide do? What kind of drug is it? Definition Block readsorption of Na+ and Cl-. High ceiling Loop diuretic Term What is Furosemide used to treat? Definition pulmonary edema, heart failure, HTN, edema and renal failure Term Side effects of Furosemide Definition ototoxicity, shock, fluid and electrolyte changes Term Can you use Furosemide during pregnancy? Definition No Term Which is more potent: High ceiling loop diuretics or Thiazides? Definition High ceiling loop diuretics Term What does Hydrochlorthiazide treat? Hydrochlorthiazide is a dericative of what? Definition HTN and edema. Sulfa Term Name some Nsg interventions for a patient taking a Thiazide Definition Reduce salt intake, Monitor BP and pulse, get up slowly, eat OJ and bananas, teach to eat foods with K+ Term What does Spironolactone do? What is it used for? Definition Blocks aldosterone in kidneys. HTN and edema Term Side effects of Spironolactone Definition hyperkalemia, neuroendocrine changes Term When taking Spironolactone what do you want to advoid eating? Definition Avoid other K+ savers and eat a salt substitute (KCL) instead of regular salt. Term 1.) What are some used of osmotic diuretics? 2.) What can they cause? Definition 1.) renal failure, decrease ICP, reduce IOP. 2.) Edema Term What is the role of AngiotensionII? Definition vasoconstriction, release of aldosterone and remodeling of CV Term What are some uses for ACE's? Definition HTN, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, prevent MI and Stroke Term What kind of drug is Captopril? diuretic, ACE, CCB or cholesterol lowering drug Definition ACE Term Side effects of Captopril? Definition First dose hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, renal failure and fetal injury Term What are some uses for Angiotension Receptor Blockers (ARB)? Definition HTN, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy Term Side effects of ARB's Definition angioedema, fetal harm and renal failure Term What is the prototype for the ARB's Definition Losartan Term 1.) What kind of drugs are Verapamil and nifedipine? 2.) What does each work on in the body? Definition 1.) Ca+ channel blockers (slow down HR) 2.) Verapamil: heart and VSM Nifedipine: VSM Term Since CCB slow down the HR what can they be used to treat? Definition tachydysrhythmias, migraines, angina and HTN Term What would happen if you mixed CCB and BB or Digoxin? Definition Result in bradycardia and have similar effect Term Side effects of CCB's? Definition constipation, flushing, headache, dizziness, and peripheral edema Term If a patient misses a dose of Nifedipine what do you need to watch for? Definition Reflex tachycardia Term What is the #1 nsg intervention when a patient is taking Digoxin? Definition Monitor pulse, hold med if HR <60 and teach pt. the same. Term What is the therapeutic range of Digoxin? Definition 0.5 to 1.1 ng/ml for maintance Term What are some side effects of Digoxin? Definition N/V, malaise, visual disturbances and anorexia Term What kind of drugs are the statins? What do they do? Definition Cholesterol lowering agents, Reduce LDL and raise HDL Term Side effects of Statins? Can be used in pregnancy? Definition Hepatotoxicty and myopathy PG: NO! Term 1.) What type of drug is Nicotinic Acid? 2.) What does it do? Definition 1.) Cholesterol lowering agent 2.) Reduces LDL(5-25%) and Triglycerides (20-50%), increases HDL (BEST) (15-35%) Term Side effects of Nicotinic Acid (3) Definition itching, gi upset, hepatotoxicity Term What do bile acid sequestrants do? Definition Act as Pacman and block absorption, Lowers LDL (20%) Term What are some side effects of Bile acid sequestrants? (3) Definition constipation, bloating and foul farting Term Main use of Nitroglycerin is? What are some side effects? Definition Angina/// SE: headache, hypotension, and reflex tachycardia Term What will happen if you mix NTG with Viagra together? Definition Profound hypotension Term What do these mean? anticoagulant thrombolytics antiplatelet Definition 1.) blocks clotting 2.) dissolves clot 3.) blocks platelet aggregation Term What do you use if someone is toxic with Heparin? Definition protamine sulfate Term Why can Heprain be used during pregnancy? Definition does not cross the BBB or placenta Term What is the antidote for Warfarin? Can it be used during pregnancy? Definition Vitamin K//// NO Term Which is lipid soluble and which is not: Heparin or Warfarin? Definition Warfarin is lipid soluble Cannot be given during pregnancy Term What are some side effects for Fibrates? Definition gallstones, myopathy, and liver injury