Term
| Most common disease of GI tract are? |
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Definition
| Acid reflux, Ulcers, Nausea/vomiting, Diarrhea, Constipation |
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Term
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Definition
| Acid Reducers, Antidiarrheals, Laxatives, GI Stimulants, Antiemetics, Antiflatulents |
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Term
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Definition
| Treats acid reflux, mild cases called heartburn (damage to esophagus known as GERD or gastroesophageal reflux disease). Divided into antacids, H-2 blockers, and PPI's. |
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Term
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Definition
| Subclass of acid reducers. Neutralize gastric acid. Most components are bases (calcium/magnesium/aluminum hydroxide). Hard on bad kidneys. Quick acting. |
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Term
| Drug interactions with antacids |
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Definition
| Antacids have ingredients that can bind up tetracyclines and fluoroquinolone antibodies, such as in Biaxin. |
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Term
| Maalox Regular tabs ingredients and class |
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Definition
| Contain calcium carbonate and is an antacid |
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Term
| Maalox Regular liquid ingredients and class |
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Definition
| Contain aluminum and magnesium hydroxide and simethicone. |
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Term
| Brand: Tums E-X. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Calcium carbonate, an antacid. Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Rolaids, Mylanta ultra. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide, an antacid. Brand? |
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Term
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Definition
| Acid reducer subclass. A.k.a. H-2 blockers. Works by supressing cells in stomach that produce acid. Most popular meds are Ranitidine (Zantac) and Famotidine (Pipcid). Takes awhile to take effect, but lasts long. Commonly end in "tidine" |
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Term
| Brand: Zantac. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Ranitidine, a H-2 receptor antagonist (acid reducer). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Pepcid. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Famotidine, a H-2 receptor antagonist (acid reducer). Brand? |
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Term
| Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) |
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Definition
| Acid reducer subclass. Acts on acid pumps in stomach to prevent acid production. Popular meds are Omeprazole (Prilosec) and Pantoprazole (Protonix). Commonly end in "prazole" |
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Term
| Brand: Prilosec. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Omeprazole, a Proton Pump inhibitor (acid reducer). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Protonix. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Pantoprazole, a Proton Pump inhibitor (acid reducer). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Nexium. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Esomeprazole, a Proton Pump inhibitor (acid reducer). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Prevacid. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Lansoprazole, a Proton Pump inhibitor (acid reducer). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: AcipHex. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Rabeprazole, a Proton Pump inhibitor (acid reducer). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Dexilant. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Dexlansoprazole, a Proton Pump inhibitor (acid reducer). Brand? |
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Term
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Definition
| Major GI med class. Slows movement of intestines to absorb excess water and decrease stool frequency. Common meds are Loperamide (Imodium) and Lomotil (diphenoxylate and atropine) |
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Term
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Definition
| Has antacid and antidiarrheal qualities. Should be avoided with patients on aspirin/allergic to aspirin/on tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, kids with fever, |
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Term
| Brand: Lomotil. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Diphenoxylate with atropine (added to prevent abuse), an antidiarrheal. Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Imodium AD. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Loperamide, an antidiarrheal. Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Pepto-Bismol. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Bismuth subsalicylate, an antacid and antidiarrheal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Major GI med class. Treats constipation, which is the difficult passage of dry, hard stools. 6 classes |
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Term
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Definition
| Subclass of laxatives. Mimic body's natural response. Commonly contain fiber. Given 2 hours before/after tetracyclines and digoxin |
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Term
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Definition
| Laxative subclass. A.k.a. "stool softeners". Allow more water to be absorbed by stool. Common med is Docusate |
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Term
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Definition
| Most common Emollient laxative. 2 forms: Sodium (Colace) and Calcium (Kaopectate liqui-gel) |
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Term
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Definition
| Laxative subclass. Slow down colon transit time. Meds commonly contain magnesium, which can't be taken by patients with bad kidneys. |
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Term
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Definition
| Laxative subclass. Increased fluid in intestinal lining. Common meds are Lactulose and polyethylene glycol. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used for chronic constipation cases |
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Term
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Definition
| Used for colonoscopies/diagnostic procedures to clean out the gut. Common med is called MiraLAX |
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Term
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Definition
| Laxative subclass. Stimulate intestines to promote motility. Work within 6 hours. Most common med is bisacodyl (Dulcolax). Should only be used as "rescue" treatment when all else has failed. |
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Term
| Chloride-channel Activiators. |
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Definition
| Subclass of laxatives. New class. Enhances chloride channels in intestine leading to increased fluid secretion. For chronic constipation or IBS-C |
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Term
| Brand: Amitiza. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Lubiprostone, the only chloride-channel activator on the market at the time. Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Metamucil. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Psyllium, a bulk forming laxative. Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Colace. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Docusate sodium/clacium, a stool softener (laxative). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Kristalose. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Lactulose, a hyperosmotic laxative. Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: MiraLAX. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Polyethylene glycol, a hyperosmotic laxative. Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Dulcolax. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Bisacodyl, a stimulant laxative. Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Amitiza. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Lubiprostone, a chloride channel activator (laxative). Brand? |
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Term
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Definition
| Major GI med class. Used for when movement of food out of stomach is slow. Most common med is metoclopramide (Reglan). Can cuase irreversible movement disorder "tardive dyskinesia" |
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Term
| Brand: Reglan. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Metoclopramide, a GI stimulant (laxative). Brand? |
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Term
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Definition
| Major GI med class. Treats nausea. Common meds are promethazine (Phenergan) or prochlorperazine (Compazine). Causes "anticholinergic" side effects. Come in suppositories. |
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Term
| Serotonin-Receptor Antagonists |
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Definition
| Type of antiemetic. Used in cancer and some pregnant patients. Decreases serotonin hormone that causes nausea stimulation in brain. Common med is Ondansetron (Zofran). Commonly end with "setron" |
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Term
| Brand: Phenergan. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Promethazine, an antiemetic with antihistamine properties (laxative). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Compazine. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Prochlorperazine, an antiemetic (laxative). Brand? |
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Term
| Brand: Zofran (ODT). Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Ondansetron, an serotonin receptor antagonist antiemetic (laxative). Brand? |
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Term
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Definition
| Major GI med class. Break up and reduce size of gas bubbles. Common med is simethicone (Gas-X) |
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Term
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Definition
| Antiflatulent. Added to antacids or H-2 blockers. Few side effects, several dosage forms, and can be used in infants. |
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Term
| Brand: Gas-X. Generic and class? |
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Definition
| Simethicone, an antiflatulent (laxative) |
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