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Pharmacology Ch. 5
Chapter 6 Medication Errors: Preventing and Responding
10
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
08/31/2013

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Term

Adverse drug event

Definition
Any undesirable occurrence related to administration of or failure to administer a prescribed medication.
Term

Adverse drug reactions

Definition
Unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive responses to medications given at therapeutic dosages (as opposed to overdose); one type of adverse drug event.
Term

Allergic reaction

Definition
An immunologic hypersensitivity reaction resulting from an unusual sensitivity of a patient to a particular medication; a type of adverse drug event and a subtype of adverse drug reactions.
Term

Idiosyncratic reaction

Definition
Any abnormal and unexpected response to a medication, other than an allergic reaction, that is peculiar to an individual patient.
Term

Medical error

Definition
A broad term commonly used to refer to any error in any phase of clinical patient care that causes or has the potential to cause patient harm.
Term

Medication errors

Definition
Any preventable adverse drug events involving innapropriate medication use by a patient or health care professional; they may or may not cause the patient harm.
Term

Medication reconcilliation

Definition
A procedure implemented by health care providers to maintain an accurate and up-to-date list of medications for all patients between phases of health care delivery.
Term

What are the four types of disruptive behavior classified by the American Medical Association (AMA)

Definition
  1. Intimidation and violence
  2. Innapropriate language or comments
  3. Sexual harassment
  4. innapropriate repsonses to patient needs or staff requests.
Term

Three steps of medication reconciliation

Definition
  1. Verification- Collection of the patient's medication information with a focus on medications currently used (including prescription drugs as well as over-the-counter medications and supplements)
  2. Clarification- Professional review of this information to ensure that medications and dosages are appropriate for the patient
  3. Reconciliation- Further investigation of any discrepancies and documentation of relevant communications and changes in medication orders
Term

Steps that should be repeated at each stage of health care delivery to ensure ongoing accuracy of medication use

Definition
  1. Admission.
  2. Status change (e.g., from critical to stable). It is the role of the provider to evaluate current medications and specify, in writing, which medications are to be continued or discontinued with any status change, transfer, or discharge.
  3. Patient transfer within or between facilities or provider teams.
  4. Discharge (the latest medication list should be provided to the patient to take to his or her next health care provider or this information should be otherwise forwarded to the provider; applicable confidentiality guidelines should be followed).
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