Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pharm L11
Cholinergics
25
Medical
Graduate
05/07/2009

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Cards

Term
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Definition
Direct cholinergic agonist (M+N). Ultra short acting via IV.
Term
Atropine
Definition
Direct muscarinic Ach antagonist. short acting, renal excretion. M1-M5. widely distributed, incl CNS. Oral, parenteral, and opthalmic. Side effects are dose dependent. small dose decreses HR, larger dose increases HR. decreased sweating, pupillary dilation, dry mouth, tachycardia, enhanced AV node conduction, bronchodilation, decused sweating (hyperthermia in kids), reduced salivation, sedation and reduces parkinsons rigidity (CNS). Uses: acute treatment of bradycardia and AV block. Also, use to treat organophosphate poisining. Used to be used to treat asthma and allergies.
Term
Benztropine
Definition
direct muscarinic Ach inhibitor. oral. Use: parkinsons disease.
Term
Bethanechol
Definition
Direct cholinergic agonist (M). Oral, longer acting than Ach. Use: postoperative gastic atony and non obstructive urinary retention,
Term
Carbamylcholine = carbachol
Definition
Direct cholinergic agonist (M+N).
Term
Edrophonium
Definition
ACE inhibitor. 4* amide. reversible. short acting minutes, parenteral. Use: diagnostic for Myesthenia gravis.
Term
Hexamethonium
Definition
indirect muscarinic Ach antagonist. ganglionic blocer. old treatment for HTN, side effects of combined S and PS effects.
Term
Ipratropium
Definition
direct muscarinic Ach inhibitor. 4* amine, inhaled aerosol. Uses: asthma, COPD.
Term
Malathion
Definition
ACE inhibitor. irreversible. Organophosphate. long acting, lipid soluble.
Term
Mecamylamine
Definition
Indirect muscarinic receptor antagonist. ganglionic blocker. previously used to treat HTN, but causes symptoms of both S and PS.
Term
Methacholine
Definition
non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist
Term
Neostigmine
Definition
ACE inhibitor. reversible. Carbamate Ester. mins-hrs, oral and parenteral. Use: treatment for myesthenia gravis. Also, paralytic iileus and atonic bladder.
Term
Nicotine
Definition
Nicotine agonist, cigurretes.
Term
Oxybutynin
Definition
direct muscarinic Ach inhibitor. oral and transdermal. uses: overactive urinary bladder and spastic bladder of paraplegic.
Term
Pancuronium
Definition
nicotinic Ach receptor blocker. Use: surgery and ECt.
Term
Parathion
Definition
ACE inhibitor, irreversible. Organophosphate. long acting. lipid soluble. toxins!
Term
Physostigmine
Definition
ACE inhibitor, reversible. Carbamate Ester. mins-hrs, parenteral. Use: treat anticholinergic poisining. CNS effects (vs pyridostigmine).
Term
Pilocarpine
Definition
Direct cholinergic agonist (M). Opthalmic or oral. Use: chronic glaucoma.
Term
Pralidoxime
Definition
can hydrolyze organophosphate-ACE bond, used to treat nerve gas if given soon enough.
Term
Pyridostigmine
Definition
ACE inhibitor, reversible. Carbamate ester. hours. oral and parenteral. Use: treatment for myesthenia gravis and prophylaxis for organophosphate poisining. No CNS effects.
Term
Scopolamine
Definition
direct muscarinic ACh antagonist. oral, parenteral, opthalmmic, and transdermal. Use: motion sickness.
Term
Succinylcholine
Definition
nicotinic Ach receptor blocker. Use: surgery and ECT
Term
Trimethaphan
Definition
Indirec antag, ganglionic blocker
Term
Tropicamide
Definition
direct muscarinic Ach inhibitor. opthalmic. Short acting, so use for pupillary dilation. careful, can precipitate glaucoma in pre-disposed ppl.
Term
Soman/Sarin
Definition
nerve gas. Organophosphate, ACE inhibitor.
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