Term
| List some gram + aerobic bacteria. |
|
Definition
Strep
Staph
Listeria
Erysipelothrix
Bacillus
Rhodococcus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List some gram - aerobes. |
|
Definition
E.coli
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
Salmonella
Pasteurella
Bordetella
Haemophilus
Campylobacter |
|
|
Term
| List some gram - anaerobes. |
|
Definition
Fusobacterium
Bacteroides
Dichelobacter
Brachyspira |
|
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Term
| What antibiotics are dependent on concentration above MIC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antibiotics are dependent on time above MIC? |
|
Definition
beta-lactams
Cephalpsorins
Macrolides
Licosamides
Sulfanamides
Tetracyclines |
|
|
Term
| What antibiotics are dependent on AUC above MIC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the bactericidal antimicrobials? |
|
Definition
BANFF!
beta-lactams: cell walls (PBP)
Aminoglycosides: 30S ribosomal
Nitrofurans/imidazoles: DNA
Fluoroquinolones: DNA gyrase |
|
|
Term
| What are the bacteriostatic antimicrobials? |
|
Definition
"SulfTetMacChlor"
Sulfanamides: folic acid
Tetracyclines: 30S
Macrolides: 50S
Chloramphenicol: 50S |
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Term
| List 5 drug choices and routes that are fatal in animals. |
|
Definition
Doxycycline IV in horses.
Procaine Penicillin IV in horses.
Monensin in feed in horses.
Tilmicosin IV/Parenteral in pigs.
Penicillin/ Lincomycin in non-ruminant herbivores. |
|
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Term
| What are the 1st gen. b-lactams that can be given orally? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the antimicrobials that are banned for extralabel use in food animals? |
|
Definition
Chloramphenicol
Fluoroquinilones
Dimetridazole
Ipronidazole
the Nitroimidazoles
Nitrofurazones
Glycopeptides
Sulfanamides |
|
|
Term
| What does chloramphenicol cause in humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This drug is cardiotoxic if injected accidently. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of distribution must a drug have to reach privileged sites in the body? |
|
Definition
| High volume of distribution. |
|
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Term
| You are trying to reach an anaerobic environment, what are the drugs that should not be used? |
|
Definition
Aminoglycosidesss
Aminocyclitols
Floruoquinolones
Sulfonamides |
|
|
Term
| You are trying to treat aerobic bacteria, what drug choices wouldn't be good? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If an infected environment has cations in the region, what antimicrobials are not good choices? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For privileged sites, what are the drugs of choice? |
|
Definition
Quinolones
Marcolides
CHPC
Florfenicol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It is a specific MIC of a drug selected to predict clinical outcomes for a specific disease, pathogen or a given regimen. |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between the MIC and the breakpoint? |
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Definition
| The breakpoint uses that laboratiry MIC (minimun inhibitory conc., this is the lowest conc. of drug that will inhibit growth of a organism) to predict the efficacy of a given drug against whatever disease that you are treated in the field. |
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|
Term
| T/F. The MIC is specific for each isolate and drug. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is more important for aquired resistance, tranduction or transformation? |
|
Definition
| Transduction: plasmid DNA is trasferred between cells by a bacteria virus. |
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Term
| Give some of the characteristics of aminoglycosides. |
|
Definition
Not good for gram +.
Good for gram - aerobes.
Bactericidal.
Nephrotoxic & ototoxic.
No oral administration.
Can't use against anaerobes!
Only injectable but not IV!
Cmax dependent.
Can't use in cattle. |
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|
Term
| Give some info on penicillin G. |
|
Definition
Time above MIC.
No oral route!
don't give procaine IV to horses.
Bactericidal.
K-pen squirts in horses.
Can't give to rodents.
Good for gram + (aerobes and anaerobes) & gram - anaerobes.
Is a beta-lactam. |
|
|
Term
| Give some info on the aminopenicillins (amoxacillin and ampicillin). |
|
Definition
Time > MIC.
Oral admin.
RIP : rabbits.
Bacteriacidal.
Gram +/- : aerobes. |
|
|
Term
| Give some info on the extended spectrum beta-lactams (ticarcillin and pipercillin). |
|
Definition
Time > MIC.
Psuedomonas killers!
Bacteriacidal
safe for ears |
|
|
Term
| Give some info about the penicillinase resistant beta-lactams. (Methacillin, nafcillin cloxacillin). |
|
Definition
Time > MIC.
Only work against Staph!
Bactericidal
Bovine intramammary preps. |
|
|
Term
| Give some info about the potentiated penicillins (Amoxycillin + Clavulanate) ect... |
|
Definition
Time > MIC.
Bacteriacidal.
Oral admin.
Not for Pseudomonas!
Broad spectrum. |
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