Term
| Decongestant drugs with new laws |
|
Definition
Phenylephrine (Afrin)
Pseudoephrine (Dimetapp, Sudafed, Drixoral) |
|
|
Term
| new laws for what decongestants? |
|
Definition
| Pseudoephedrine (dimetapp, sudafed, drixoral) |
|
|
Term
| strict rules with Afrin bc of ___ _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reduce ______ when taking decongestants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| only use antihistamines for _____ |
|
Definition
allergies.
not URI, sinusitis, or colds |
|
|
Term
| _____ is most effective for management of allergic rhinitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the best expectorant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the best tx for cognitive symptoms of AD |
|
Definition
| NMDA receptor antagonist - Memantine (Namenda) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aricept (cholinesterase inhibitor) |
|
|
Term
Aricept, Razadyne, Exelon, Cognex
- class?
- dose?
- fxn? |
|
Definition
- cholinesterase inhibitor
- can double if pt not responding
- do not prevent AD but can reduce symptoms for limited time** |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 good drugs in combo for AD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine used for allergies is an _______ so rxns you get from cholinesterase inhibitors _____ cholinergic effect and has the _____ reactions from pseudoephrine |
|
Definition
anticholinergic
increases
opposite |
|
|
Term
| goal of neurologic drug therapy |
|
Definition
restore balance of dopamine and Ach.
drugs that enhance dopamine and inhibit Ach |
|
|
Term
secondary parkinsonism
drugs like ____ & ______ whose major action is ____ of dopamine receptors may also produce parkinsonism symptoms. these drugs _______ be used with Parkinsonism pts. |
|
Definition
phenothiazines, haloperidol
blockade
should not |
|
|
Term
| most effective in tx of parkinsons, especially in older pts is ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Not as effective as Levodopa but more effective than ___ is ____ |
|
Definition
Selegiline, rasagiline
Pramipexole, ropinirole |
|
|
Term
| _____is less effective than levodopa but less side effects. mild/modest benefit, especially in _____, can be used in younger pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ is the 1st oral drug for MS that can slow the progression of disability and reduce frequency and severity of symptoms but come at a cost of increased risk of life threatening infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| epilepsy drug therapy is chosen based on what 2 things |
|
Definition
clinical symptoms
EEG pattern |
|
|
Term
| epileptic therapy will ___ over time to find the best anticonvulsant drug and changes in the pt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in epilepsy, drug level monitoring is required to determine the ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| warn all epileptics of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is one of the oldest epileptic drugs, is best for tx tonic clonic, and can be used in kids and adults? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do succinimide drugs do and example |
|
Definition
depress motor cortex and raise seizure threshold
Ethosuximide (Zarontine) |
|
|
Term
| what is a barbituate drug for epilepsy that has both a sedative and anticonvulsant effect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| other good drugs for epilepsy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what else is topiramate used for? |
|
Definition
| migraines, psych conditions |
|
|
Term
| what is are some anticonvulsant drugs used to tx painful nerve conditions and some for bipolar disorder? |
|
Definition
Carbamazepine (tegretol)
oxycarbazepine (trileptal) - new agent 1 of 2 monotherapy***
primidone (mysoline) |
|
|
Term
all of the following are good for diabetic neuropathy:
____ more evidence, but more side effects
___ & ___ less sedation, dry mouth, urinary retention, etc
_____ is a 1st line choice and when combined with __ may be better than either alone |
|
Definition
Amitriptyline
Nortiptyline, desipramine
gabapentine (neurontin), amitrityline |
|
|
Term
| acute otitis media at risk population |
|
Definition
<6 yo
recent antibiotics
child with previous one
group daycare |
|
|
Term
| ___% of AOM will spontaneously resolve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
AOM tx
if penicillin resistant? |
|
Definition
amoxicillin
- erythromycin or trimethoprim |
|
|
Term
| duration of AOM therapy depends on what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antibiotic prophylaxis is _______ for otitis prone children due to ______ |
|
Definition
no longer recommended
increasing resistance |
|
|
Term
| what is the gold standard for strep pharyngitis dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who should have a throat culture? |
|
Definition
| children age 4-15 w/elevated temp and sore throat as main complaint |
|
|
Term
| what is the least sedating antihistamine? |
|
Definition
| Allegra (fexofendine hcl) |
|
|
Term
| what is a popular topical nasal decongestant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a popular intranasal steroid? |
|
Definition
| Flonase (fluticasone propionate) |
|
|
Term
| what is a popular non narcotic antitussive? |
|
Definition
| Tessalon Perles (benzonatate) |
|
|
Term
| what is a popular eye antibiotic? (2) |
|
Definition
ciprofloxacin (quinolone)
erythromycin (macrolide) |
|
|
Term
| what is a popular histamine H1 blocker for the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a popular eye mast cell stabilizer? (4) |
|
Definition
dexamthasone
timolol
Alphagan - P
Xalatan |
|
|
Term
| what is a popular oral antifungal? |
|
Definition
nystatin
chlorhexidine gluconate |
|
|
Term
**** eye antibiotic (3)
used for neonates? (1) |
|
Definition
Cirpofloxacin
sulfacetamine
erythromycin ointment (neonates!) |
|
|
Term
| is conjunctivitis contagious? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the most common conjunctivitis? |
|
Definition
viral
minimal swelling, no itching, inflammation, clear discharge
one eye only |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| moderate/severe lid swelling, intense itching!, 1st line topical antihistamine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
moderate lid swelling, inflammation, not itching, purulent discharge!, crusting
tx: Sulfacetamine |
|
|
Term
| adverse cholinergic effects (5) |
|
Definition
diarrhea
miosis
urinary urgency
diaphoresis (sweating)
nausea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mydriasis
**can cause hallucinations in high doses! |
|
|
Term
| adverse effects of physostigmine |
|
Definition
contraction of visceral smooth muscle
hypotension
miosis
bradycardia |
|
|
Term
| tx for nausea due to motion sickness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| adverse effects with adrenergic agonists |
|
Definition
arrythmias
insomnia
HA
nausea
hyperactivity
tremors |
|
|
Term
| adverse effects with cholinergic antagonists |
|
Definition
blurred vision
mydriasis
urinary retention
confusion
constipation |
|
|
Term
| first dose of alpha 1 receptor blocker may produce an ___ _____ response that can result in _____ |
|
Definition
orthostatic hypotensive
syncope |
|
|
Term
| adverse effects with nonselective alpha blocking agents |
|
Definition
orthostatic HTN
tachycardia
vertigo
sexual dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| adverse effects from propranolol |
|
Definition
fatigue
sexual dysfunction
bronchoconstriction
arrhythmias (upon abrupt withdrawal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alpha blocker but lowers BP |
|
|
