Term
Anti-Alzheimer's Agents
- Use/Action
- Contraindications
- Precautions
- Interactions |
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Definition
Action - Increases amt acetylcholine in CNS by inhibiting cholinesterase. NO agents can slow progression of Alzheimer's. May temp. impr cognitive function.\
Precautions - Caution c Hx 'sick sinus syndrome' or other supraventricular cardiac conduction abnormalities (d/t possible bradycardia. Cholinergic effects (GI distress), incr. gastric acid secretion (GI bleed; esp c concurrent NSAID Tx), UT obstruction, seizure, bronchospasm.
Interactions - Additive effects c other drugs c cholinergic properties. May decr therapeutic effects of anticholinergics
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Term
Anti-Alzheimer's Agents
- Assessment
- Potential Nsg Dx
- Meds |
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Definition
Assessment - Assess cognitive function (memory, attention, reasoning, language, simple task performance).
Monitor: N/V, anorexia, wt. loss.
Nsg Dx -
* Thought process, disturbed (Indications)
* Nutrition, imblanced: less than body requirements
* Knowledge, deficient
Meds -
donepezil (Aricept)
galantamine (Reminyl)
memantine (Namenda)
rivastigmine (Excelon)
tacrine (Cognex)
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Term
Antianemics
- Action
- Contraindications
- Precautions
- Interactions |
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Definition
Action - Iron necessary for Hb which transp O2 to cells. Vit B12 & Folic Acid (Water soluble) req for RBC production. Darbepoetin/epoetin stimulate production ofRBC's. Nandrolone stimulates production of erythropoetin.
Contraindications - Undiagnosed anemias.
Iron: hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis, hemolytic anemia
Darbepoetin/epoetin: uncontrolled hypertension
Precautions - Use parenteral iron cautiously c Hx allergy or hypersensitivity reactions.
Interactions -
* Oral Iron may decr absorp tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, penicillamine.
* VitE may impair Tx response to Iron.
* Phenytoin/other anticonvulsants may decr absorp of folic acid.
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Term
Antianemics
- Assessment
- Nsg Dx
- Teaching |
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Definition
Assessment - Assess nutrit status & dietary Hx for possible causes for anemia
Nsg Dx -
* Activity Intolerance
* Nutrition, Imbalanced; less than body reqr.
* Knowledge, deficient
Teaching -
* Best source vit/min is well-balanced diet.
* Do Not exceed RDA. No proven adv. for megadosing.
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Term
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Definition
hormones
darbepoetin / epoetin (Aranesp)
nandrolone decanoate (Deca-Durabolin, Hybolin,
Decanoate, Kabolin)
iron supplements
carbonyl iron (Feosol, Icar)
ferrous fumarate (Femiron, Feostat, Fumasorb, Fumerin,
Hemocyte, Neo-Fer, Span-FF)
ferrous gluconate (Fergon, Ferralet, Simron)
ferrous sulfate (ED-IN-SOL, Fe50, Feosol, Feratab)
iron dextran (DexFerrum, InFeD)
iron polysaccharide (Hytinic, Niferex, Nu-Iron)
iron sucrose (Venofer)
sodium ferric gluconate complex (Ferrlecit)
vitamins
cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
folic acid (Vit B)
hydroxocabalamin
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Term
Antianginals
- Use
- Action
(Nitrates, Ca+ Channel Blockers, Beta Blockers)
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Definition
Use - Treat/prevent angina.
ONLY nitrates (SL, spray, IV) used for acute Tx.
Ca+ Channel Blockers & Beta Blockers used prophylactically for long-term mgmt.
Action -
Nitrates: dilate coronary arteries & cause systemic vasodilation (decr. preload)
Ca+ channel blockers: dilate coronary arteries (some also slow HR).
Beta Blockers: decr. myocardial O2 consumption via decr. in HR.
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Term
Antianginals
- Contraindications
- Precautions
- Interactions |
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Definition
Contraindications - Avoid Use of Beta Blockers/Ca+ Channel Blockers in adv. Heart Block, cardiogenic shock, or untreated CHF.
Precautions - Beta Blockers used cautiously c Diabetes mellitus, pulmonary disease, hypothyroidism.
Interactions -
Ca+ Ch.Blockers & Beta Blockers may cause hypotension c other antihypertensives or Alcohol
Verapamil, diltiazem, & beta blockers may have additive myocardial depresant effects when used c other cardiac meds.
Verapamil has # sig. drug-drug interactions.
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Term
Antianginals
- Assessment
- Nsg Dx
- Teaching |
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Definition
Assessment - Assess location, intensity, precipitating factors of anginal pain. Monitor BP throughout Tx.
Nsg Dx -
* Pain, acute
* Tissue perfusion, ineffective
* Knowledge, deficient
Teaching -
* Take concurrent Nitrate Tx & prophylactic antianginals as ordered & use SL nitro for acute attacks
* Contact Immed. if chest pain does not improve; worsens p therapy; accompanied by diaphoresis/SOB; severe/persistent H/A occurs.
* Change pos. slowly to minimize Orthostatic Hypotens.
* Avoid alcohol while on medication.
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Term
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Definition
Beta Blockers
- atenolol (Tenormin)
- carteolol (Cartrol)
- labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate)
- metoprolol (Betaloc, Lopresor, Toprol)
- nadolol (Corgard)
- propranolol (Betachron, Inderal, InnoPran)
Ca+ Channel Blockers
diltiazem (Cardizem, CartiaXT, Dilacor, Diltia, Tiamate,
Nu-Diltiaz, Tiazac)
felodipine (Plendil)
isradipine (DynaCirc)
nicardipine (Cardene)
nifedipine (Adalat, Nifedical, Procardia)
verapamil (Apo-Verap, Calan, Covera-HS, Isoptin,
Verelan)
Nitrates
isosorbide dinitrate (Dilatrate, Iso-Bid, Isorbid,
Isordil, Isotrate, Sorbitrate)
isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur, Ismo, Isotrate, Monoket)
nitroglycerin
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