Term
| Alzheimer's Disease: Types of agents for relief of Sx |
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Definition
(N-Methyl-D-aspartate) NMDA receptor antagonists
NSAIDS
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Atypical antipsychotics
Vitamin E and Selegiline
Estrogen
Ginkgo Biloba |
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Term
| Cholinesterase Inhibitors |
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Definition
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Term
| (N-Methyl-D-aspartate) NMDA receptor antagonists |
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Definition
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Term
Pharmacological Management: Agents Used for Parkinson's |
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Definition
Dopaminergic agents and Anticholinergics Angents
Dopaminergic agents-
Levodopa (L-DOPA) Levodopa/Carbidopa (e.g., Sinement, Paracopa)
Dopamine agonists [e.g., Pramipexole (Mirapex)]
COMT (Catechol-O-Methyltransferase) Inhibitors [(e.g., Entacapone (Comtan)]
MAO-B Inhibitors [(e.g., Selegiline (Eldepryl)]
Anticholinergics Angents-
trihexyphenidyl (Artane) |
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Term
| Dopamine Agonists for Parkinson's Two Types |
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Definition
Ergot (an alkaloid found in plants) derivatives
bromocriptine, cabergoline
Nonergot derivatives
pramipexole (Mirapex), ropinirole |
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Term
| COMT Inhibitors (Catechol-O-Methyltransferase)for Park. |
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Definition
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Term
| MAO-B Inhibitors for Park. |
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Definition
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Term
| Anticholinergic Agents for Park. |
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Definition
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Term
| Types of seizures and their types |
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Definition
Partial seizures (three types): simple partial seizures, complex partial seizures, and partial seizures
Generalized seizures: convulsive or nonconvulsive. Tonic-clonic seizures (Grand Mal) are often stereotypes of seizure activity. This type of generalized seizure is exemplified by a characteristic time of muscle rigidity (tonic), followed by a time of jerking muscles (clonic). |
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Term
| Traditional Antiepileptic Agents |
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Definition
Primidone (Mysoline)
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Phenobarbital
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Valproic Acid (Depakene) |
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Term
| List of Newer Antiepileptic Agents: (13) |
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Definition
Oxycarbazepine (Trileptal)
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Pregabalin (Lyrica)
Levetiracetam (Keppra)
Topiramate (Topamax)
Tiagabine (Gabitril)
Zonisamide (Zonegran)
Felbamate (Felbatol)
Lacosamide (Vimpat)
Rufinamide (Banzel)
Vigabatrin (Sabril)
Ezogabine (Potiga) |
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Term
| Classes of Antiulcer medications (5) |
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Definition
| 1.antibiotics 2.antacids 3.antisecretory agents 4.antisecretory agents that enhance mucosal defenses 5.mucosal protectants |
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Term
| Nonpharmacological Management for Ulcers |
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Definition
frequent, smaller meals
Smoking cessation
Avoid ASA and NSAID administration
Alcohol consumption may aggravate Sx, and therefore reduce intake if it does cause increased Sx.
Decrease stress/anxiety |
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Term
| Man. of Ulcers Triple therapies (3) |
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Definition
omeprazole (prilosec), amoxicillin, and clarithromycin for 10 days
bismuth subsalicylate, metronidazole, and tetracycline for 14 days
lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin, approved for either 10 or 14 days |
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Term
| Antibiotics for Ulcers (5) |
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Definition
| amoxicillin***, clarithromycin (Biaxin), tetracycline, metronidazole (Flagyl), and tinidazole (Tindamax) |
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Term
| Histamine2 Receptor Antagonists (4) |
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Definition
cimetidine (Tagamet)***
ranitidine (Zantac),
famotidine (Pepcid),
nizatidine (Axid |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Other Agents for Ulcers (2) |
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Definition
Sucralfate (Carafate)
Misoprostol (Cytotec) |
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Term
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Definition
Magnesium hydroxide (AKA milk of magnesia)
Aluminum hydroxide
Sodium bicarbonate
Calcium carbonate |
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Term
| Anticholinergic Agent to Manage Ulcer |
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Definition
| Pirenzepine (Gastrozepine): |
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Term
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Definition
Bulk forming laxatives
Osmotic laxatives
Surfactant laxatives
Stimulant laxatives
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Term
| Bulk Forming Laxatives (3) |
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Definition
| methylcellulose (Citrucel), psyllium (Metamucil), polycarbophil (FiberCon). |
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Term
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Definition
docusate sodium (Colace),
docusate calcium |
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Term
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Definition
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax).
Senna (Senokot):
Castor Oil |
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Term
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Definition
magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia)
sodium phosphate (Fleet Phospho-Soda)
polyethylene glycol (MiraLax): |
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Term
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Definition
Glycerin suppository
Lactulose
Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
Mineral oil
Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte solutions (GoLYTELY) |
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Term
| Vomiting Center triggers (5) |
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Definition
*CTZ
*cranial nerve X (vagus nerve)
*vestibular system (Look up)
*enteric nervous system
*CNS |
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Term
| Types of Antiemetic Agents and Prototypes (7) |
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Definition
Antihistamines: dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
Benzodiazepines: lorazepam (Ativan)
Cannabinoids: dronabinol (Marinol)
Dopamine antagonists: metoclopramide (Reglan)
Serotonin Receptor Antagonists: Ondansetron (Zofran) Substance P/Neurokinin1 Antagonists: aprepitant (Emend)
Glucocorticoids: dexamethasone (Decadron) |
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Term
| Serotonin Receptor Antagonists for antiemetic |
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Definition
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Term
| Glucocorticoids for antiemetic |
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Definition
| dexamethasone (Decadron). |
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Term
| Substance P/Neurokinin1 Antagonists |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Dopamine Antagonists for antiemetic |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Three types of emesis as related to CINV |
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Definition
1.anticipatory: nausea created from thinking of
previous illness resulting in nausea
2.acute: nausea initiated with the administration of
chemotherapy and occurs within hours of taking
the medications
3.delayed: nausea that occurs after at least a day
after receiving the chemotherapy |
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Term
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Definition
| “a sudden feeling of nausea, sickness, or faintness” |
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Term
| Motion Sickness Agents (2) |
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Definition
Scopolamine:
Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine): |
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Term
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Definition
1.osmotic: something in the bowel is drawing water from the body into the bowel (e.g., sorbitol, a sugar substitute, is not absorbed by body, and draws water from body into bowel, resulting in diarrhea)
2.secretory: body releases water into bowel in pathology (e.g., infections)
3.exudative: refers to the presence of blood/exudate in the stool (e.g., ulcerative colitis) |
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Term
| Two types of Antidiarrheal agents |
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Definition
specific antidiarrheals,
nonspecific antidiarrheals |
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Term
| Nonspecific Antidiarrheal Medications |
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Definition
| Opiods: Diphenoxylate (Lomotil); Loperamide (Imodium) |
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Term
| Vasoconstrictor Used with Local Anesthetics |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Benzocaine
Lidocaine Patch
Alcaine (Proparacaine)
Cocaine
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Term
| Parenteral Local Anesthetics |
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Definition
Procaine (Novocain)
Lidocaine |
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Term
Regional (Local) Anesthetics
Infiltration (3)
Nerve block (2) |
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Definition
Infiltration- Novocain,Lidocaine,Bupivacaine (Marcaine)
Nerve Block:
Lidocaine,Bupivacaine (Marcaine) |
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Term
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Definition
Minimum (or median) alveolar concentration
an index of inhaled anesthetic potency |
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Term
| Inhaled Anesthetics 2 Types |
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Definition
Gases: nitrous oxide
Volatile liquids:
halothane, isoflurane, desflurane, enflurane, sevoflurane. |
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Term
| Goals of Inhalation Anesthesia (4) |
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Definition
Produces unconsciousness & analgesia
Easy induction period
Pleasant after effects
Can control levels easily |
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Term
| Adjunctive Anesthesia Drugs (4 Catagories w/ proto.) |
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Definition
Benzodiazepines
Opiates
Alpha2-Adrenergic Agonists:
Clonidine (Duraclon), Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
Anticholinergics:
atropine |
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Term
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (NMBAs):
2 Types |
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Definition
Depolarizing: Succinylcholine
Non-depolarizing: Atracurium (Tracrium)
Tubocurarine (oldest) |
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Term
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Definition
Halothane (Fluothane)
Nitrous Oxide |
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Term
| Intravenous Anesthetic Agents (3 cat. or their proto.) |
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Definition
Short acting barbiturates:
Thiopental (Pentothal)
Benzodiazepines:
Diazepam (Valium)
Sedative/hypnotic
Propofol (Diprivan)*** |
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Term
| Most reliable birth control (4) |
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Definition
| sterilization, IUDs, depo-Provera, Implanon |
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Term
| Least reliable birth control (4) |
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Definition
| periodic abstinence, spermicides, barrier methods, withdrawal |
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Term
| Middle tier of reliable birth control: (3) |
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Definition
| oral contraceptives, contraceptive ring, contraceptive patch |
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Term
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Definition
Sterilization (e.g., tubal ligation, vasectomy)
Oral contraceptives or condoms chosen next
“Other”: diaphragms, periodic abstinence, and IUDs (which recently are “on the rise”) |
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Term
| Oral Contraceptive classes (2) |
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Definition
1.combination oral contraceptives (COC),
2.progestin-only oral contraceptives (e.g., “mini-pill”). |
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Term
| Newer Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs) |
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Definition
Drospirenone/Ethinyl Estradiol (YAZ) (24 active days & 4 placebo days).
Levonorgestrel/Ethinyl Estrodial (Seasonale) (84
active days & 7 placebo days) |
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Term
| Agents that Reduce the Effects of Oral Contraceptives (6) |
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Definition
Rifampin
Ritonavir
Antiepileptics (i.e., phenytoin, primidone, phenobarbital, carbamazepine)
St.John’s wort (herbal)
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Hypoglycemics |
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Term
| Agents Whose Effects are Increased by Oral Contraceptives |
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Definition
Tricyclic antidepressants
Diazepam (Valium)
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
Theophylline (Aerolate III) |
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Term
| Progestin-only contraceptives |
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Definition
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Term
| Combination Contraceptives Using Unique Methods of Delivery |
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Definition
NuvaRing (vaginal contraceptive ring)
Transdermal Patch |
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Term
| Long-Acting Contraceptives |
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Definition
Implanon (etonogestrel implant) (NEXPLANON)
Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA):
IM (Depo-Provera) SQ (Depo-subQ) |
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Term
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Definition
copper T 380A (ParaGard)
(Mirena- a hormone containing device that releases progestogen |
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Term
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Definition
Condoms
Diaphragm
Cervical cap |
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Term
| Agents Used for Medical Abortion |
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Definition
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Term
| Emergency Contraception (EC) |
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Definition
| emergency contraceptives or “morning after pill”; Plan B; Copper IUD |
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Term
| Two types of Emergency Contraception Pills: |
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Definition
| 1.emergency contraceptive pill (ECP), and 2.Yuzpe regimen |
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Term
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Definition
Menstruation phase (approximately days 1-4)
*FSH stimulates follicles to develop estrogen
Follicular phase (approximately days 1-14)
*Estrogen secretion continues
Ovulation phase (approximately days 13-16)
*Ovum is released (note: this time of “fertility” is 24-48
hours)
Luteal phase (approximately days 16-28)
*Corpus luteum produces progesterone & estrogen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) |
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Definition
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Term
| Menopause Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) |
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Definition
Oral Preparations:
Women with a uterus – Prempro
Hysterectomy – Premarin (estrogen)
Intravaginal:
Estradiol (Estrace)
Bio-identical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT) |
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Term
| Preventing Osteoporosis: Supplements (3) |
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Definition
Calcium carbonate (Alka-Mints) – most common
Calcium citrate
Vitamin D |
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Term
| Preventing Osteoporosis: Drugs |
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Definition
Bisphosphonates (e.g., Actonel) – inhibits bone resorption
SERMs – Raloxifene (Evista)
Forteo (Teriparatide)– parathyroid hormone derivative |
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