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Details Title: Personality Description: stages and vocab Total Flash Cards: 29 Created: 11/18/2004 15:31:13	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Big Five Definition neuroticism extraversion openness to experience agreeableness conscientiousness Term Id Definition the primitive, instinctive component of personality that operates according to the pleasure principle -raw, biological urges Term Superego Definition moral component of personality that incorporates social standards about what represents right and wrong Term Ego Definition the decision-making component of personality that operates according to the reality principle -mediates between the id and the superego; considers social norms, etiquette, etc. Term conscious Definition consists of whatever one is aware of at a particular point in time Term preconscious Definition contains material just beneath the surface of awareness that can easily be retrieved (ex. your middle name) Term unconscious Definition contains thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of conscious awareness but that nonetheless exert great influence on behavior Term defense mechanisms repression Definition keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious Term defense mechanisms projection Definition attributing one’s own thoughts, feelings, or motives to another Term defense mechanism displacement Definition diverting emotional feelings (usually anger) from their original source to a substitute target Term defense mechanisms reaction formation Definition behaving in a way that is exactly the opposite of one’s true feelings Term defense mechanisms regression Definition a reversion to immature patterns of behavior Term defense mechanisms rationalization Definition creating false but plausible excuses to justify unacceptable behavior Term defense mechanisms identification Definition bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group Term psychosexual stages (1) oral stage Definition -main source of erotic stimulation is the mouth (in biting, sucking, chewing, etc.) Term psychosexual stages (2) anal stage Definition -erotic pleasure from their bowel movements, through either the expulsion or retention of feces -become anal expulsive or anal retentive Term psychosexual stages (3) phallic stage Definition -genitals become the focus for the child’s erotic energy oedipal complex --> -the child has to purge the sexual longings for the opposite-sex parent and crush the hostility felt toward the same-sex parent Term psychosexual stages (4) latency stage Definition -child’s sexuality is largely suppressed - it becomes latent Term psychosexual stages (5) genital stage Definition sexual urges reappear and focus is on the genitals once again; natural sexual attraction to others Term Psychodynamic Theorists Definition Freud --> psychoanalysis; psychosexual stages Jung --> analytical psychology (personal and collective unconscious; archetypes) Adler --> individual psychology (striving for superiority) Term Behaviorist Theorists Definition Skinner --> operant conditioning (response of others) Bandura --> social cognitive theory Mischel --> person/situation controversy Term Humanistic Theorists Definition Rogers --> Maslow --> hierarchy of needs Term Maslow's hierarchy of needs (from most basic to most advanced) Definition physiological needs = hunger, thirst, and so forth safety and security needs = long-term survival and stability belongingness and love needs = affiliation and acceptance esteem needs = achievement and gaining of recognition cognitive needs = knowledge and understanding aesthetic needs = order and beauty need for self-actualization = realization of potential Term Biological Theorists Definition Eysenck -> genetics affect conditioning Term Social-Cognitive Theory Definition Bandura -people actively seek out and process information about their environment to maximize favorable outcomes Term Need for self actualization (who?) Definition Abraham Maslow Term self-concept (who?) Definition Rogers Term self-efficacy and observational learning (who?) Definition Bandura Term striving for superiority (who?) Definition Adler