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Personality and Intelligence
vocabulary
83
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
04/06/2009

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Cards

Term
Traits
Definition
predispositions that affect our behavior across many different situations
Term
Shared environmental factors
Definition
sharing the same environment. i.e. siblings, or parents and offspring
Term
Psychoanalytic theory
Definition
Freud's theory of how dreams and the unconscious effect someone
Term
psychogenic
Definition
something caused by psychological factors
Term
Ego
Definition
the psyche's decision maker
Term
reality principal
Definition
the ego's tendency to delay gratification for the better
Term
oral stage
Definition
stage of psychosexual focused on mouth
Term
oedipus complex
Definition
boys love their mother in a romantic way and want the father out of the picture
Term
latency stage
Definition
psychosexual stage in which sexual feelings move into the unconscious
Term
behavioral theories
Definition
many theories on where different personalities are stemmed from
Term
humanism
Definition
worth of people based on the morals appealing to human qualities
Term
incongruence
Definition
inconsistencies in personality and traits
Term
factor analysis
Definition
stat that analyzes correlational responses on personality tests
Term
extraversion
Definition
social and lively people
Term
neuroticism
Definition
tense and moody
Term
validity
Definition
whether the test measures what it is supposed to measure
Term
empirical method of test construction
Definition
creating tests with 2 groups and deciding which items best fit
Term
face validity
Definition
how well a participant can see the validity of the test
Term
Rorschach Inkblot test
Definition
projective test of 10 symmetrical ink blots
Term
Incremental validity
Definition
the extent to which a test contributes information that is out of the ordinary
Term
reciprocal determinism
Definition
people influencing each other's behavior
Term
nomethetic approach
Definition
approach to personality that has general laws on everyone's behavior
Term
unshared environmental factors
Definition
different environment i.e. sibling living in different homes or parents living separately
Term
somatogenic
Definition
physiologically caused
Term
psychic determinism
Definition
the assumption that all psychological events have a cause
Term
superego
Definition
sense of morals
Term
defense mechanisms
Definition
unconscious things that minimize anxiety
Term
anal stage
Definition
psychosexual stage that focuses on toilet training
Term
electra complex
Definition
girls are in love with their father romantically and want their mother out of the picture
Term
genital stage
Definition
psychosexual stage in which someone starts showing interest in the opposite sex romantically
Term
social learning theories
Definition
thinking is a cause of personality
Term
self-actualization
Definition
being all you can be and want to be
Term
peak experiences
Definition
influential experiences that are very important to your life
Term
big five
Definition
traits that are personality measures
Term
openness to experience
Definition
intellectually curious and unconventional
Term
agreeableness
Definition
friendly and easy going
Term
structured personality test
Definition
paper and pencil tests in which there are only certain answers
Term
rational/theoretical method of test construction
Definition
test is built around a trait with questions that assess that trait
Term
projective tests
Definition
tests using ambiguous stimuli i.e. inkblot
Term
thematic apperception test
Definition
subject must tell a story about an ambiguous image
Term
graphology
Definition
psychological study of handwriting
Term
observational learning
Definition
learning by observation of other people
Term
idiographic approach
Definition
the life history of experiences that effect the personality of someone
Term
molecular genetic studies
Definition
looking at genes that associate with personality traits
Term
catharsis
Definition
feeling of relief after very emotional outpoor
Term
id
Definition
sexual and aggression source
Term
pleasure principle
Definition
id's tendency to choose immediate gratification
Term
erogenous zone
Definition
sexual stimulating zone
Term
phallic stage
Definition
psychosexual stage focused on the genitals
Term
penis envy
Definition
little girls want to have a penis
Term
penis envy
Definition
little girls want to have a penis
Term
neo-freudian theories
Definition
theories derived from freud, but based on personality growth instead of sex
Term
locus of control
Definition
the amount of control believed to be had on events
Term
conditions of worth
Definition
things you hold important to your worth
Term
trait theories
Definition
theories on how traits effect behavior
Term
lexical approach
Definition
the language spoken effects personality
Term
conscientiousness
Definition
careful and responsible
Term
reliability
Definition
how consistent a test is
Term
MMPI
Definition
minnesota multiphasic personality inventory that assesses mental disorders
Term
projective hypothesis
Definition
on inkblot, person assesses their personality to the stimulus
Term
human figure drawings
Definition
used to interpret personality traits based on how a person is drawn
Term
P.T. Barnum effect
Definition
tendency for people to accept high base rates as accurate
Term
intelligence quotient
Definition
IQ test used to measure intelligence
Term
growth mindset
Definition
intelligence is developed not innate
Term
general intelligence g
Definition
hypothetical factor that stands for the differences in people's intelligences
Term
crystallized intelligence
Definition
intelligence gained over a lifetime of experiences
Term
eugenics
Definition
good genes procreating while bad genes don't
Term
flynn effect
Definition
average IQ scores go up 3 points every decade
Term
convergent thinking
Definition
capacity to find the best solution to a problem
Term
implicit theories of intelligence
Definition
theories of how intelligence like math is attained
Term
intelligence test
Definition
measure overall thinking ability
Term
specific abilities
Definition
abilities linked to each item in intelligence test
Term
multiple intelligence
Definition
people are smart in different ways
Term
bell curve
Definition
most people in the middle then tapers toward each end
Term
test bias
Definition
test favors a group of people
Term
emotional intelligence
Definition
understanding our emotions and others and applying this to life
Term
fixed mindset
Definition
intelligence in innate
Term
abstract thinking
Definition
capacity to understand hypothetical concepts
Term
fluid intelligence
Definition
capacity to learn new ways of solving problems
Term
triarchic model
Definition
analytical, practical, and creative being the 3 types of intelligence
Term
triarchic model
Definition
analytical, practical, and creative being the 3 types of intelligence
Term
mental retardation
Definition
under 70 IQ onset before adulthood struggle with everyday things
Term
divergent thinking
Definition
capacity to find many ways to solve a problem
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