Term
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Definition
| any of a class of fat related substances that contain phosphorus, fatty acids, and a nitrogen-containing component. The phospholipids are an essential part of every cell. |
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Definition
| a compound containing a multi-ring(steroid) structure and a hydroxyl group (-OH). |
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Term
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Definition
| a fatty acid containing no carbon-carbon double bonds |
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Term
| monounsaturated fatty acid |
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Definition
| a fatty acid containing one carbon-carbon double bond. |
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Term
| polyunsaturated fatty acid |
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Definition
| a fatty acid containing two or more carbon-carbon double bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| fatty acids that contain 12 or more carbons |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of an unsaturated fatty acid, usually monounsaturated one when found in fouod, in which the hydrogens on both carbons forming the double bond lie on both carbons forming the double bond lie on opposite sides of that bond. a cis fatty acid has the hydrogens lying on the same side of the carbon-carbon double bond. |
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Term
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Definition
| a fatty acid that contains 6 to 10 carbons. |
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Term
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Definition
| fatty acids that contain fewer than sex carbon atoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| an unsaturated fatty acid with the first double bond on the third carbon from the methyl end (-CH3) |
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Term
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Definition
| an unsaturated fatty acid with the first double bond on the sixth carbon from the methyl end (-CH3) |
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Term
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Definition
| an essential omega-3 fatty acid with 19 carbons and three double bonds (C18:3 w-3) |
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Term
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Definition
| an essential omega 6 fatty acid with 18 carbons and two double bonds (C18:2, w-6) |
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Term
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Definition
| an omega-9 fatty acid with 18 carbons and one double bond(18:1, w-9) |
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Term
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Definition
| fatty acids that must be supplied by the diet to maintain health. currently, only linoleic acid and alpha linolenic acid are classified as essential. |
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Term
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Definition
| hormonelike compounds synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidanic acid. within this class of compounds are prostacyclins, prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. |
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Term
| eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) |
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Definition
| an omega-3 fatty acid with 20 carbons and five carbon-carbon double bonds (C20:5, w-3). it is present in large amounts in fish oils and is slowly synthesized in the body from alpha-linolenic acid; it is a precuror to some eicosanoids. |
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Term
| docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) |
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Definition
| an omega-3 fatty acid with 20 carbons and five carbon-carbon double bonds (C22:6, w-3). it is present in large amounts in fish oils and is slowly synthesized in the body from alpha-linolenic acid. DHA is especially present in the retina and brain. |
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Term
| dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid |
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Definition
| an omega-6 fatty acid with 20 carbons and three double bonds; the precursor to some eicosanoids. |
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Term
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Definition
| an omega-6 fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and 4 carbon-carbon double bonds, a precursor to some eicosanoids. |
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Term
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Definition
| an enzyme used to synthesize prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and other eicosanoids. |
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Term
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Definition
| an enzyme used to synthesize leukotrienes and some other types of eicosanoids. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eicosanoid made by the blood vessel walls that is a potent inhibitor of blood clotting |
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Term
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Definition
| one of several potent eicosanoid compoinds made of polyunsaturated fatty acids that produce diverse effects in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eicosanoid made by blood platelets that is a stimulant of blood clotting |
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Term
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Definition
| an eicosanoid involved in inflammatory or hypersensitivity reactions, such as asthma. |
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Term
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Definition
| A layer of flat cells lining the blood and lymphatic vessels and the chambers of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to part ot the brain resulting from rupture of a blood vessel and subsequent bleeding within or over the internal surface of the brain. |
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Term
| total parenteral nutrition |
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Definition
| the intravenous provision of all necessary nutrients including the most basic forms of protein, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes. this solution is generally infused for 12 to 24 hours a day in a volume of about 2 to 3 L. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of attaching fatty acids to a glycerol molecule, creating an ester bond and releasing water. removing a fatty acid is called deesterification; reattaching a fatty acid is called reesterfification. |
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Term
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Definition
| a breakdown product of a triglyceride consisting of two fatty acids bonded to a glycerol backbone. |
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Term
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Definition
| a breakdown product of a triglyceride consisting of one fatty acid bonded to a glycerol backbone. |
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Term
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Definition
| an eating disorder involving a psychological loss or denial of appetite followed by self-starvation; related in part to a distorted body image and to various social pressures commonly associated with puberty. |
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Term
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Definition
| downlike hair that appears after a person has lost much body fat through semi starvation. the hair stands erect and traps air, acting as insulation for the body to compensate for the relative lack of body fat, which usually functions as insulation. |
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Term
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Definition
| a compound that can suspend fat in water by isolating individual fat droplets using a shell of water molecules or other substances to prevent the fat from coalescing. |
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Term
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Definition
| emulsifiers synthesized by the liver and released by the gallbladder during digestion. |
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